告状

• 병음: gào zhuàng
• 한자 분석: 告 = 牛 + 口 (announce, accuse); 状 = 爿 + 犬 (half-plank + dog — shape, condition, written statement)

뜻

고발하다/고자질하다; (공식적으로) 고소·진정하다.

Used in both everyday and legal contexts. In informal settings, it often describes a child reporting a peer to a teacher (小孩子爱告状). In formal contexts, it refers to filing a legal complaint (向法院告状). The term carries a slightly negative connotation of going behind someone's back to get them into trouble.

예문

1. 他在公司里遭受了不公平对待，经过多次内部沟通无果后，决定向劳动仲裁委员会正式告状。
2. 班主任发现班级里存在相互告状的风气，专门召开班会引导学生学会用沟通代替举报。
3. 据史书记载，百姓若蒙受冤屈，可击响门前的登闻鼓，直接向官府告状申诉。

사용 가이드

맥락: legal, school, workplace, colloquial

어조: neutral

올바른 표현

• 她向人事部门告状，指控直属上司长期对其进行语言骚扰，并提交了详细的书面陈述。(She filed a complaint with the HR department, accusing her direct supervisor of sustained verbal harassment, and submitted a detailed written account.)
• 这位村民认为土地确权结果存在问题，已多次向县级主管部门告状，要求重新调查核实。(This villager believes the land registration result is problematic and has filed complaints multiple times with the county authority, requesting a fresh investigation and verification.)

피해야 할 표현

• 别告我的状 — use 别向上级汇报我 or 别出卖我 in more specific contexts depending on whether the concern is tattling or betrayal

기원과 역사

告 (to inform/accuse) + 状 (state of affairs/complaint document)

문화적 배경

시대: Classical to present

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal