告状

• ピンイン: gào zhuàng
• 漢字の分解: 告 = 牛 + 口 (announce, accuse); 状 = 爿 + 犬 (half-plank + dog — shape, condition, written statement)

意味

（上に）訴える、告げ口する；（正式に）訴状を出す／苦情を申し立てる

Used in both everyday and legal contexts. In informal settings, it often describes a child reporting a peer to a teacher (小孩子爱告状). In formal contexts, it refers to filing a legal complaint (向法院告状). The term carries a slightly negative connotation of going behind someone's back to get them into trouble.

例文

1. 他在公司里遭受了不公平对待，经过多次内部沟通无果后，决定向劳动仲裁委员会正式告状。
2. 班主任发现班级里存在相互告状的风气，专门召开班会引导学生学会用沟通代替举报。
3. 据史书记载，百姓若蒙受冤屈，可击响门前的登闻鼓，直接向官府告状申诉。

使い方ガイド

場面: legal, school, workplace, colloquial

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 她向人事部门告状，指控直属上司长期对其进行语言骚扰，并提交了详细的书面陈述。(She filed a complaint with the HR department, accusing her direct supervisor of sustained verbal harassment, and submitted a detailed written account.)
• 这位村民认为土地确权结果存在问题，已多次向县级主管部门告状，要求重新调查核实。(This villager believes the land registration result is problematic and has filed complaints multiple times with the county authority, requesting a fresh investigation and verification.)

避ける言い方

• 别告我的状 — use 别向上级汇报我 or 别出卖我 in more specific contexts depending on whether the concern is tattling or betrayal

起源と歴史

告 (to inform/accuse) + 状 (state of affairs/complaint document)

文化的背景

時代: Classical to present

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal