惨痛

• 병음: cǎn tòng
• 한자 분석: 惨 = 忄(heart radical) + 参 (phonetic); 痛 = 疒 (illness radical) + 甬 (phonetic)

뜻

참혹하고 뼈아프다

More intense than 痛苦 and more specific than 悲惨. 惨痛 frequently collocates with 代价 (price/cost), 教训 (lesson), 历史 (history), 经历 (experience), and 记忆 (memory). The phrase 惨痛的教训 (a lesson learned at painful cost) is especially common. Used in serious, reflective, or cautionary contexts — rarely in casual speech.

예문

1. 这场重大安全事故给全社会留下了惨痛的教训，推动了相关法规的全面修订。
2. 她在回忆录中真实记录了那段战乱岁月的惨痛经历，读来令人唏嘘不已。
3. 那些历史上用无数生命换来的惨痛代价，不应随时间流逝而被后人遗忘。

사용 가이드

맥락: history, society, reflection, lesson, memorial

어조: somber

올바른 표현

• 这是一段惨痛的历史，每一个中国人都应当铭记。(This is a painful period of history that every Chinese person ought to remember.)
• 他们为此付出了惨痛的代价，才最终换来了来之不易的和平。(They paid a terrible price for it, ultimately winning a hard-earned peace.)

피해야 할 표현

• 这道菜让我感到惨痛。(惨痛 is reserved for serious, weighty suffering or lessons — don't apply it to minor personal inconveniences like a bad meal)

기원과 역사

惨 (wretched/tragic; 忄heart + 参 phonetic) + 痛 (pain/anguish; 疒 illness radical + 甬 phonetic). A compound that amplifies both the tragic and intensely painful dimensions of an experience or event.

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal