故障

• Reading: こしょう
• Romaji: koshou
• Kanji breakdown: 故 (ko) — reason, cause; 障 (shou) — obstacle, hindrance
• Pronunciation: /ko.ɕoː/

Meaning

Breakdown; malfunction; fault; being out of order. A state where a machine or device stops working properly.

An intransitive suru-verb (故障する = to break down). Primarily used for machines, equipment, and vehicles — not for people's injuries. The sign 故障中 (out of order) is commonly seen on vending machines, elevators, and toilets. Related word: 修理 (repair).

Examples

1. エレベーターが故障して階段を使いました。 The elevator broke down, so I used the stairs.
2. 洗濯機が故障したので新しいのを買った。 The washing machine broke, so I bought a new one.
3. 車が故障中で今日は電車で来ました。 My car is out of order, so I came by train today.

Usage Guide

Context: machines, daily life, transportation

Tone: negative

Origin & History

Compound of 故 (reason, cause) and 障 (obstacle, hindrance). Together: an obstacle or problem caused by some reason — a malfunction.

Cultural Context

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal