ふ JLPT N1 Vocabulary

Kana ふ

1. 不眠 ふみん Insomnia; sleeplessness. An inability to fall asleep, stay asleep, or achieve restorative sleep.
2. 風紀 ふうき Public morals; discipline; decency. The standards of moral conduct expected within a community, institution, or public sphere.
3. 風紀委員 ふうきいいん Public morals committee member; discipline officer. A student or official appointed to oversee conduct and enforce rules within a school ...
4. 風評被害 ふうひょうひがい Reputational damage; damage from rumours. Economic or social harm suffered as a result of unfounded or exaggerated negative rumours, rath...
5. 不義理 ふぎり Dishonesty; breach of faith; ingratitude. Failure to fulfil a social or moral obligation, especially to someone who has shown kindness.
6. 不祥事 ふしょうじ Scandal; disgraceful affair; misconduct. An incident of improper, unethical, or illegal behaviour by a person or organisation that causes...
7. 不登校 ふとうこう School refusal; truancy; absenteeism. A condition in which a child or adolescent repeatedly fails to attend school due to psychological, ...
8. 不言実行 ふげんじっこう Action without words; acting without boasting or preaching. Doing what must be done quietly, without talking about it beforehand.
9. 腑に落ちない ふにおちない Unconvincing; not making sense; hard to accept. Describes a feeling of dissatisfaction when an explanation fails to satisfy or logically ...
10. 腑に落ちる ふにおちる To make sense; to be convincing; to be satisfying. The feeling of something finally clicking and settling in one's understanding.
11. 訃報 ふほう News of a death; obituary notice. Formal notification that someone has passed away, typically delivered through official or respectful ch...
12. 風化 ふうか Weathering; erosion; the gradual wearing down of rock or material by wind, water, and atmospheric forces. Figuratively, the fading of mem...
13. 伏流水 ふくりゅうすい Underground water; subterranean stream. Water that flows beneath the surface of the ground, often feeding springs and wells without appea...
14. 吹雪 ふぶき Blizzard; snowstorm. A severe weather condition characterised by heavy snowfall combined with strong winds that dramatically reduce visib...
15. 不確定性 ふかくていせい Uncertainty; indeterminacy. The quality of being fundamentally unpredictable or imprecisely defined, especially as formalised in quantum ...
16. 輻射 ふくしゃ Radiation; radiant heat; electromagnetic emission. The process of transmitting energy outward as electromagnetic waves, especially therma...
17. 腐敗する ふはいする To decay; to decompose; to rot; to putrefy. Describes the biological breakdown of organic matter, and figuratively the moral decline of i...
18. 普遍性 ふへんせい Universality; generality. The quality of applying across all cases, contexts, or conditions without exception.
19. 節目 ふしめ A turning point; a milestone; a significant juncture in life or history. Also, literally, the node or joint of a bamboo stalk.
20. 復古 ふっこ Restoration; a return to old customs or systems; revival of the past. Applied to political or cultural movements that seek to restore ear...
21. 襖 ふすま Fusuma; a sliding opaque panel or interior door used in traditional Japanese architecture to divide rooms.
22. 復刻 ふっこく Reprint; reproduction; reissue. The act of republishing or reproducing an out-of-print work, often in its original form.
23. 筆まめ ふでまめ Diligent in correspondence; good at writing letters; someone who writes frequently and faithfully to others.
24. 筆を折る ふでをおる To stop writing; to give up writing; to retire as an author. An expression for permanently ceasing literary activity.
25. 筆を執る ふでをとる To take up the pen; to begin writing; to put pen to paper. A formal expression for commencing the act of writing.
26. 不可逆 ふかぎゃく Irreversible; non-reversible. Describes a process or change that cannot be undone or returned to its original state.
27. 不可避 ふかひ Inevitable; unavoidable; inescapable. Describes an outcome or event that cannot be prevented regardless of effort.
28. 不朽 ふきゅう Immortal; eternal; everlasting; imperishable. Describes works, achievements, or legacies that endure beyond time.
29. 不均衡 ふきんこう Imbalance; disparity; unevenness. A state in which things are not equally distributed or proportioned.
30. 伏線 ふくせん Foreshadowing; a hint planted earlier in a narrative; groundwork laid in advance for a later development.
31. 伏魔殿 ふくまでん Den of demons; hotbed of intrigue and corruption. Describes an organisation or place rife with hidden evil, scheming, and dark dealings.
32. 腐食 ふしょく Corrosion; erosion; decay. The gradual deterioration of a material or institution through chemical or figurative degradation.
33. 扶植 ふしょく Fostering; nurturing; cultivating; supporting the growth of someone or something through deliberate, sustained effort.
34. 不条理 ふじょうり Absurdity; irrationality; unreasonableness. A situation or state of affairs that defies logic, justice, or rational explanation.
35. 付帯 ふたい Incidental; accessory; ancillary; appended. Describes something attached to or accompanying a main element, often as a subsidiary conditi...
36. 普遍 ふへん Universal; general; applicable to all; ubiquitous. Describes something that holds true across all times, places, and contexts.
37. 不毛 ふもう Barren; sterile; futile; unproductive. Describes land that cannot grow crops, or efforts and discussions that yield no results.
38. 不問 ふもん Disregarding; overlooking; not questioning or pursuing. Deliberately choosing not to hold someone accountable or investigate further.
39. 付和雷同 ふわらいどう Following others blindly; jumping on the bandwagon; going along with the crowd without independent thought or judgement.
40. 奮起 ふんき Arousal; being stirred into action; rallying one's spirit. A sudden surge of motivation or resolve to act with determination.
41. 奮闘 ふんとう Hard struggle; strenuous effort; fighting with all one's might. The state of giving one's full effort against difficult circumstances.
42. 風呂敷 ふろしき Furoshiki; a square wrapping cloth used to carry and wrap items. A versatile traditional Japanese textile.
43. 吹き荒れる ふきあれる To blow violently; to rage; to storm. Describes wind or figurative forces running rampant.
44. 吹き込む ふきこむ To blow into; to inspire; to instil; to record (audio). Describes both physical wind entering a space and figurative infusion of ideas or...
45. 膨らむ ふくらむ To swell; to expand; to bulge; to grow larger. Used for physical expansion and for hopes, dreams, or costs that increase.
46. 塞がる ふさがる To be blocked; to be occupied; to be in use; to be closed off.
47. 伏せる ふせる To lie face down; to turn over face-down; to conceal; to hide information.
48. 吹っ切る ふっきる To get over something; to break free from; to put behind oneself and move on.
49. 払拭する ふっしょくする To wipe away; to dispel; to erase; to eliminate completely.
50. 踏み切る ふみきる To take the plunge; to make a decisive decision; to jump from a take-off point.
51. 踏み込む ふみこむ To step into; to break into; to delve deeply into a subject.
52. 踏みにじる ふみにじる To trample; to crush underfoot; to violate or desecrate something.
53. 振り返る ふりかえる To look back; to turn around; to reflect on; to review past events.
54. 振り翳す ふりかざす To brandish; to hold up threateningly; to flaunt something as justification.
55. 触れ合う ふれあう To come into contact; to interact; to touch one another; to connect.
56. 踏ん張る ふんばる To brace oneself; to stand firm; to hold out under pressure; to dig in.
57. 含み益 ふくみえき Unrealised gain; paper profit. The increase in value of a held asset that has not yet been sold to crystallise the gain.
58. 含み損 ふくみぞん Unrealised loss; paper loss. The decrease in value of a held asset that has not yet been sold to crystallise the loss.
59. 不良債権 ふりょうさいけん Non-performing loan (NPL); bad debt. A loan or receivable where repayment is unlikely due to the borrower's default or financial distress.
60. 不渡り ふわたり Dishonoured cheque or bill; default on a payment instrument; a payment that fails to clear.
61. 粉飾決算 ふんしょくけっさん Falsification of financial accounts; window-dressing of accounts. The fraudulent manipulation of financial statements to present a better...
62. 風変わり ふうがわり Eccentric; unconventional; quirky. Describes something or someone noticeably different from the norm.
63. 不穏 ふおん Unsettled; ominous; disturbing. Describes a mood, situation, or atmosphere that feels threatening or unstable.
64. 不甲斐ない ふがいない Pathetic; spineless; disappointing; falling short of what is expected of oneself.
65. 不屈 ふくつ Indomitable; unyielding; refusing to be broken or defeated.
66. ふしだら ふしだら Slovenly; dissolute; loose in morals; lacking discipline or self-control.
67. 不遜 ふそん Arrogant; insolent; haughty; lacking the humility expected of one's station.
68. 不敵 ふてき Bold; fearless; dauntless; showing no fear of opponents or adversity.
69. 不憫 ふびん Pitiful; pitiable; deserving of sympathy due to unfortunate circumstances.
70. 不埒 ふらち Outrageous; lawless; scandalous; flagrantly improper or insolent.
71. 古めかしい ふるめかしい Old-fashioned; antiquated; having the feel or appearance of an earlier era.
72. 奮い立つ ふるいたつ To be inspired; to be roused to action; to feel a sudden surge of energy or determination.
73. 憤慨 ふんがい Indignation; outrage; feeling deeply and righteously angry at injustice or misconduct.
74. 風雅 ふうが Elegance; refined taste; the cultivated aesthetic sensibility that finds beauty in poetry, nature, and the traditional arts.
75. 風刺 ふうし Satire; the use of irony, wit, or exaggeration to criticise and expose folly in people, institutions, or society.
76. 諷刺 ふうし Satire; indirect or ironic criticism delivered through allusion, allegory, or verse rather than overt statement.
77. 諷喩 ふうゆ Allegory; a sustained figurative narrative in which characters, events, or settings consistently represent abstract ideas, moral qualitie...
78. 風流 ふうりゅう Elegance; refined aesthetic appreciation; the quality of finding beauty in nature, the seasons, and the traditional arts.
79. 伏線を張る ふくせんをはる To foreshadow; to plant a narrative seed; to deliberately lay groundwork in a story for a later revelation or plot development.
80. 布告 ふこく Proclamation; declaration; an official public announcement of policy, law, or a momentous decision issued by a government or sovereign.
81. 不文律 ふぶんりつ Unwritten law; unspoken rule; a convention or norm that functions as effectively binding without being formally codified.