浸透圧

• 読み: しんとうあつ
• ローマ字: shintoatsu
• 漢字の分解: 浸 (shin) — soak | 透 (to) — penetrate | 圧 (atsu) — pressure
• 発音: /ɕin.to.ɯ.a.tsɯ/

意味

Osmotic pressure; the pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane separating solutions of different concentration.

A key concept in cell biology, physiology, and food science. Cells placed in a solution with higher osmotic pressure than their interior will shrink (plasmolysis); those in lower osmotic pressure will swell and may burst. Isotonic solutions (等張液) match the body's osmotic pressure, making them suitable for IV fluids.

例文

1. 赤血球は純水に入れると浸透圧の差によって膨張し、やがて破裂する。
2. 点滴液は体液と同じ浸透圧に調整されており、細胞への影響を最小限に抑える。
3. 塩分濃度が高い海水中では、浸透圧の関係で水分が体外に奪われてしまう。

使い方ガイド

場面: biology, physiology, chemistry, medicine

トーン: technical

起源と歴史

Compound of 浸透 (shinto, osmosis/permeation) and 圧 (atsu, pressure). 浸透 itself is from 浸 (soak) and 透 (penetrate), describing the passage of liquid through a membrane.

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: Biology students and medical professionals

社会的背景: Academic