中央集権

• 読み: ちゅうおうしゅうけん
• ローマ字: chūō shūken
• 漢字の分解: 中 (chū/naka) — centre, middle; 央 (ō) — centre; 集 (shū/atsu) — to gather, concentrate; 権 (ken) — authority, power
• 発音: /tɕɯː.oː.ɕɯː.keɴ/

意味

Centralisation of power; centralised government. A system in which political authority and decision-making are concentrated at the national level rather than distributed among local governments.

中央集権 stands in contrast to 地方分権 (decentralisation of power). The Meiji government established a highly centralised system to modernise Japan rapidly, replacing the feudal domain structure with prefectures under central control (廃藩置県). Contemporary policy debate often weighs the efficiency of central coordination against the need for local autonomy and regional self-determination.

例文

1. 明治政府は中央集権体制を確立して近代国家を築いた。
2. 中央集権から地方分権へのシフトが改革の柱となっている。
3. 過度な中央集権は地方の自律性を損なうという批判がある。

使い方ガイド

場面: politics, governance, history, policy

トーン: neutral

起源と歴史

Compound of 中央 (centre, central) and 集権 (concentration of power; 集 = to gather, 権 = authority, power). Describes the gathering of authority to the centre.

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal