Emotions & Mental States

概要

この章では「Emotions & Mental States」というテーマにまとまって出てくる基本語彙を学びます。単語をばらばらに覚えるのではなく、場面といっしょに定着させるための構成です。

このまとまりを身につけると、その話題について話すときの語彙が増え、読むときも聞くときも反応しやすくなります。

テーマ

この章のJLPT N1 Vocabulary (98)

1. 哀惜 あいせき Grief; sorrow; deep regret; mourning. Expresses profound lamentation over an irreplaceable loss.
2. 哀切 あいせつ Pathetic; touching; plaintive; sorrowful. Describes something that is so steeped in sorrow it cuts to the heart.
3. 愛憎 あいぞう Love and hate; mixed feelings of affection and resentment. Describes the complex coexistence of opposing emotions toward the same person ...
4. 唖然 あぜん Dumbfounded; speechless; stunned; flabbergasted. Describes being rendered utterly speechless by shock or astonishment.
5. 哀れみ あわれみ Pity; compassion; sympathy; mercy. The feeling of sorrow and concern stirred by another's suffering or misfortune.
6. 安堵 あんど Relief; reassurance; peace of mind. The calming sensation that follows the resolution of anxiety or uncertainty.
7. 憤り いきどおり Indignation; anger; resentment; outrage. A burning sense of anger arising from perceived injustice or moral wrong.
8. 畏敬 いけい Awe; reverence; veneration. A profound sense of respect mingled with a humbling awareness of one's own smallness before something vast or...
9. 遺恨 いこん Grudge; resentment; regret; bitterness. A deep resentment that lingers long after the original wound, as if left behind in the soul.
10. 一喜一憂 いっきいちゆう Alternating between hope and fear; emotional ups and downs. Being tossed between joy and anxiety in response to each development.
11. 畏怖 いふ Awe; dread; fear and reverence. A primal feeling of reverential terror before something overwhelmingly powerful or sacred.
12. 陰鬱 いんうつ Gloomy; melancholy; dismal; depressing. Describes a pervasive, suffocating atmosphere of darkness and low spirits.
13. 浮かれる うかれる To be in high spirits; to be elated; to be carried away by excitement. Describes a state of giddy, floating exhilaration.
14. 後ろめたい うしろめたい Guilty; ashamed; having a guilty conscience. The uneasy feeling that something one has done — or failed to do — was wrong.
15. 打ちひしがれる うちひしがれる To be crushed; to be overwhelmed; to be devastated. Describes being emotionally flattened by grief, shock, or an overwhelming blow.
16. 恨み うらみ Grudge; resentment; bitterness; regret. A deep, lingering negative feeling toward someone who has caused harm or injustice.
17. 憂い うれい Grief; sorrow; worry; anxiety. A deep, inward-looking melancholy or concern, often about the state of the world or one's circumstances.
18. 嬉しさ うれしさ Happiness; joy; delight; gladness. The quality or degree of being pleased or overjoyed by a positive event.
19. 怨恨 えんこん Grudge; enmity; deep resentment; animosity. A profound and enduring hatred or bitterness arising from a serious wrong.
20. 恩讐 おんしゅう Love and hatred; gratitude and revenge. The complex intermingling of deep indebtedness and bitter enmity toward the same person or situat...
21. 快感 かいかん Pleasant feeling; pleasure; thrill. A satisfying or exhilarating sensation arising from physical, intellectual, or aesthetic stimulation.
22. 悔恨 かいこん Regret; remorse; repentance. A deep, inward-directed bitterness over one's own past actions or failures.
23. 快哉 かいさい Shout of triumph; elation; exultation. The surge of jubilant satisfaction upon achieving victory or vindication.
24. 快哉を叫ぶ かいさいをさけぶ To shout with joy; to cry out in triumph. To give voice — outwardly or inwardly — to a surge of triumphant elation.
25. 感慨深い かんがいぶかい Deeply moving; profoundly emotional; touching. Describes a moment that stirs deep, reflective feeling — often when revisiting the past or...
26. 歓喜 かんき Delight; great joy; rapture; ecstasy. An intense, exuberant feeling of happiness that is often shared with others.
27. 寛恕 かんじょ Forgiveness; magnanimity; leniency; pardon. The generous act of overlooking another's fault with a broad and tolerant heart.
28. 感無量 かんむりょう Deeply moved; overwhelmed with emotion. Describes a state in which feelings are too profound and numerous to express in words.
29. 感銘 かんめい Deep impression; being deeply moved. A feeling that is etched into the heart by something profoundly admirable or beautiful.
30. 愕然 がくぜん Astonished; shocked; stunned; aghast. Describes a state of being struck speechless by an unexpected or disturbing revelation.
31. 気負い きおい Eagerness; being psyched up; over-enthusiasm. The state of being wound too tight before a challenge, often to the point of being counterp...
32. 気概 きがい Spirit; backbone; mettle; resolve. The inner fortitude and determined will to confront hardship without flinching.
33. 喜怒哀楽 きどあいらく Human emotions; the full spectrum of feelings represented as joy, anger, grief, and pleasure. A four-character compound (yojijukugo) enco...
34. 気恥ずかしい きはずかしい Embarrassing; shy; bashful; self-conscious. A mild, inward-looking embarrassment that arises from being the focus of attention or revisit...
35. 驚愕 きょうがく Astonishment; shock; amazement. An overwhelming state of being stunned by something utterly unexpected.
36. 恐縮 きょうしゅく Feeling obliged; being sorry; deeply grateful and apologetic. A polite expression of being humbled and overwhelmed by another's kindness ...
37. 驚嘆 きょうたん Amazement; admiration; wonder. A sense of being struck with awe and deep admiration at something extraordinary.
38. 虚脱 きょだつ Prostration; collapse; despondency; lethargy. A state of complete emotional or physical emptiness following intense exertion, shock, or d...
39. 義憤 ぎふん Righteous indignation; moral outrage. Anger that arises not from personal injury but from witnessing injustice or a violation of ethical ...
40. 苦渋 くじゅう Bitterness; anguish; painful decision. The deeply unpleasant feeling of being forced to choose between difficult options or endure hardship.
41. 屈託 くったく Worry; care; concern; dejection. A weight on the mind from accumulated anxieties or cares, often resulting in a subdued or downcast demea...
42. 敬愛 けいあい Respect and affection; love and admiration. A feeling that combines deep respect with warm personal attachment.
43. 嫌悪 けんお Disgust; hatred; loathing; aversion. A strong feeling of repulsion towards something considered morally or aesthetically offensive.
44. 倦怠 けんたい Weariness; boredom; fatigue; languor. A deep exhaustion of spirit arising from monotony, lack of stimulation, or prolonged strain.
45. 激昂 げきこう Rage; fury; indignation; excitement. A state of being inflamed with intense, uncontrolled anger or emotional arousal.
46. 逆鱗 げきりん Fury; wrath; touching a sore spot. Specifically refers to incurring the fierce anger of a powerful person, derived from the myth of the d...
47. 恍惚 こうこつ Ecstasy; rapture; trance; fascination. A state of being so entranced by beauty, pleasure, or sensation that one loses awareness of the su...
48. 高揚 こうよう Elation; exaltation; uplift; heightening. A lifting or intensification of mood, spirit, or energy, often in a positive and energising dir...
49. 心が洗われる こころがあらわれる To feel purified; to be spiritually cleansed. Describes the refreshing, purifying effect that a beautiful sight, piece of music, or kind ...
50. 心が折れる こころがおれる To lose heart; to be broken; to give up. Describes the moment when one's willpower or emotional resilience finally snaps under the weight...
51. 心を鬼にする こころをおににする To steel oneself; to harden one's heart; to be ruthlessly decisive for someone's own good. Forcing oneself to act severely despite compas...
52. 思慕 しぼ Yearning; longing; adoration. A deep emotional attachment or wistful longing for a person, often with tenderness or reverence.
53. 羞恥 しゅうち Shame; embarrassment; bashfulness. A feeling of humiliation or self-consciousness caused by exposure, failure, or vulnerability before ot...
54. 衝撃を受ける しょうげきをうける To be shocked; to receive a blow; to be struck with powerful impact. Describes a sudden and profound emotional or physical jolt.
55. 心機一転 しんきいってん Turning over a new leaf; a complete change of mindset; fresh start with renewed determination after a decisive shift in attitude.
56. 心酔 しんすい Infatuation; deep admiration; being completely captivated by someone or something to the point of uncritical devotion.
57. 心底 しんそこ From the bottom of one's heart; truly; sincerely; deeply. Expresses a completely genuine and heartfelt emotion or conviction.
58. 慈愛 じあい Affection; compassion; benevolent love. A warm, selfless love that seeks the well-being of others without expectation of return.
59. 自責 じせき Self-reproach; self-blame; remorse. The act of holding oneself responsible and condemning oneself for a mistake or wrongdoing.
60. 自嘲 じちょう Self-mockery; self-deprecation; self-ridicule. Making fun of or belittling one's own faults, failures, or situation, often with bitter hu...
61. 慈悲 じひ Mercy; compassion; benevolence; charity. Deep sympathy for suffering beings, accompanied by the wish to alleviate that suffering.
62. 自負 じふ Pride; self-confidence; self-assurance. A strong, justified sense of confidence in one's own abilities, achievements, or character.
63. 惜別 せきべつ Reluctant parting; regret at separation; sorrow at saying farewell to someone dear, especially when the parting feels premature or final.
64. 寂寥 せきりょう Loneliness; desolation; solitude. A profound, atmospheric sense of emptiness and isolation, deeper than ordinary loneliness.
65. 切望 せつぼう Earnest desire; fervent longing; craving. An intensely heartfelt wish or aspiration for something one needs or deeply wants.
66. 戦慄 せんりつ Shudder; shiver; trembling with horror or awe. An involuntary physical trembling caused by intense fear, dread, or overwhelming emotion.
67. 達観 たっかん Philosophical outlook; broad-mindedness; transcendent detachment. The ability to view situations with deep, calm insight, unperturbed by ...
68. 惰性 だせい Inertia; force of habit; doing something out of momentum rather than intention. Continuing a behaviour simply because it has always been ...
69. 敵意 てきい Hostility; animosity; enmity; antagonism. A feeling of active aggression or ill-will directed toward another person or group.
70. 慟哭 どうこく Wailing; lamentation; bitter, uncontrollable weeping. Expressing overwhelming grief through anguished, unrestrained crying.
71. 嘆き なげき Grief; lamentation; sorrow; a heartfelt complaint or expression of distress about circumstances beyond one's control.
72. 涙ぐむ なみだぐむ To be moved to tears; to tear up; to have one's eyes fill with tears. Describes the emotional threshold just before crying.
73. 苦い経験 にがいけいけん Bitter experience; painful lesson. A difficult past event that left a lasting, unpleasant impression — often one from which something was...
74. 歯痒さ はがゆさ Frustration; vexation; the feeling of helpless irritation. The noun form expressing the sustained state of being unable to act or resolve...
75. 吐き気 はきけ Nausea; a sensation of wanting to vomit. Also used figuratively to describe intense disgust or revulsion.
76. 腹に据えかねる はらにすえかねる To be unable to contain one's anger; to be so furious that one can no longer hold it in.
77. 張り合い はりあい Motivation; a sense of purpose that makes effort feel worthwhile; something to strive for.
78. 煩悶 はんもん Anguish; agony; tormenting worry that one cannot resolve or escape.
79. 悲嘆 ひたん Deep grief; lamentation; profound sorrow, especially in response to loss or tragedy.
80. 奮い立つ ふるいたつ To be inspired; to be roused to action; to feel a sudden surge of energy or determination.
81. 憤慨 ふんがい Indignation; outrage; feeling deeply and righteously angry at injustice or misconduct.
82. 侮蔑 ぶべつ Contempt; scorn; an attitude of regarding someone as worthless or undeserving of respect.
83. 蔑視 べっし Contempt; looking down on someone; regarding a person or group as inferior.
84. 報復 ほうふく Retaliation; reprisal; a deliberate act of revenge or retribution in response to a wrong.
85. 望郷 ぼうきょう Homesickness; a deep longing for one's hometown or native land.
86. 慕情 ぼじょう Longing; deep yearning; tender love or affection, especially for someone who is absent.
87. 満ち足りる みちたりる To be fully content; to feel completely satisfied and fulfilled, with nothing lacking.
88. 未練 みれん Lingering attachment; reluctance to let go; residual regret or affection for something past.
89. 虫の知らせ むしのしらせ A premonition; an instinctive feeling that something bad is about to happen; a sixth sense.
90. 胸騒ぎ むなさわぎ A vague sense of unease or foreboding; an unsettled fluttering in the chest that something is wrong.
91. 胸が痛む むねがいたむ To feel heartache; to be pained with grief, sympathy, or deep distress.
92. 胸を打つ むねをうつ To strike one's heart; to be deeply moving or emotionally touching.
93. 物思い ものおもい Pensive brooding; melancholy reflection; being lost in thought with a wistful or sorrowful quality.
94. 安らぎ やすらぎ Peace; tranquillity; a calming sense of comfort and serenity.
95. やり場のない やりばのない With no outlet for one's feelings; pent-up; having nowhere to direct one's emotions.
96. 憂鬱 ゆううつ Depression; melancholy; a pervasive sense of gloom, heaviness, or low spirits.
97. 憐憫 れんびん Pity; compassion; sympathy; tender sorrow for someone else's suffering or misfortune.
98. 狼狽 ろうばい Panic; fluster; sudden confusion and loss of composure when caught completely off-guard.