习俗

• ピンイン: xí sú
• 漢字の分解: 习 = 羽 + 白 (feathers + white — repeated practice, as a bird repeatedly flaps wings); 俗 = 亻+ 谷 (person + valley — customs of people living together)

意味

習俗、風習

Encompasses both formal cultural traditions (festivals, rituals) and informal social norms (etiquette, taboos). Broader than 风俗 in some usages; closely synonymous and often interchangeable. Common in anthropological, sociological, and cultural contexts.

例文

1. 春节期间贴春联、放鞭炮是中国人延续数百年的传统习俗。
2. 各地婚礼习俗不尽相同，有的地区至今仍保留着繁复的传统仪式。
3. 随着城镇化进程加快，一些传承已久的乡村习俗正在逐渐消失。

使い方ガイド

場面: culture, anthropology, history, festivals, social norms

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 社会学家指出，即使城镇化很高，婚丧嫁娶相关的地方习俗仍很有韧性，很多移民办大事时仍会回乡遵循祖传礼仪。(Sociologists pointed out that even with high urbanisation, local customs related to weddings and funerals remain resilient, and many migrants still return home and follow ancestral rites for major life events.)
• 非遗保护者强调，传统习俗不该被冻住在历史里，而应在尊重核心精神的前提下灵活转化，才会有持久生命力。(Intangible cultural heritage protectors stressed that traditional customs should not be frozen in history, but should be flexibly adapted while respecting their core spirit, so they can remain vital for a long time.)

避ける言い方

• 习俗 and 习惯 interchangeably — 习惯 (habit) refers to an individual's personal behavioural patterns, while 习俗 refers to collectively shared cultural practices within a community; confusing the two can blur the important distinction between personal habit and communal tradition

起源と歴史

习 (to practise repeatedly, habitual) + 俗 (popular custom, convention) — habitual popular practice; 习 = 羽 + 白 (feathers + white — originally depicted a bird practising flight); 俗 = 人 + 谷 (person + valley — communal living practices)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal