使唤

• ピンイン: shǐ huàn
• 漢字の分解: 使 = 人 + 吏 (cause to act, employ, envoy); 唤 = 口 + 奂 (call out, summon, beckon)

意味

（人を）こき使う／使い走りさせる

Carries a slightly informal or negative connotation when used to describe someone being commanded repeatedly for trivial tasks. In traditional household contexts it was neutral (使唤仆人 — to direct servants). Today it often implies exploitation or disrespect if directed at an equal or superior. Also used colloquially as 好使唤 (easy to use, responsive — of tools or machinery) in some dialects.

例文

1. 老人的儿子脾气急躁，动不动就使唤家里的老人帮忙跑腿，完全不顾及长辈的身体状况。
2. 这孩子从小就习惯了被人使唤，从来不主动承担任何家务，父母因此十分担忧他独立生活的能力。
3. 在旧社会，下人随时听候主人使唤，没有自由支配的时间，更谈不上个人的尊严与权利。

使い方ガイド

場面: household, interpersonal, workplace hierarchy, social critique

トーン: negative to neutral

正しい言い方

• 她进入这家公司才三个月，却被同事当作私人助理一样随意使唤，既要帮人订外卖，又要代劳各种与职责无关的杂事，心里颇为委屈。(She had only been with the company for three months, yet her colleagues ordered her around like a personal assistant, asking her to order takeaway and handle all manner of tasks unrelated to her job; she felt quite aggrieved.)
• 好的管理者懂得合理分配工作，而不是随意使唤下属做与工作无关的私事，这种行为不仅有损团队凝聚力，更可能构成职权滥用。(A good manager knows how to allocate work fairly rather than arbitrarily ordering subordinates to do personal errands unrelated to work; such behaviour not only undermines team cohesion but may also constitute an abuse of authority.)

避ける言い方

• 使唤 in formal or written language to describe assigning tasks — in professional or administrative contexts, use 指派 (assign), 安排 (arrange), or 调度 (dispatch); 使唤 implies informality and often carries the connotation of petty or exploitative commands

起源と歴史

使 (to make, to order, to cause) + 唤 (to call, to summon)

文化的背景

時代: Traditional to present

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal