评审

• ピンイン: píng shěn
• 漢字の分解: 评 = 讠+ 平 (fair comment); 审 = 宀 + 番 (roof + systematic rows — careful examination)

意味

審査する・査読する

Commonly used in academic peer review (学术评审), grant applications (项目评审), award selection (奖项评审), and qualification certification. 评审委员会 = review committee. More thorough and institutional than 评判.

例文

1. 该学术期刊采用双盲评审制度，确保论文质量判断不受作者身份或机构背景的干扰。
2. 国家科研项目评审委员会由来自不同院校的权威专家组成，负责对申请材料进行独立的多轮审查。
3. 经过为期三个月的严格评审，这项创业计划最终从两百余份申请中脱颖而出，获得资金支持。

使い方ガイド

場面: academia, research, administration, competitions

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 为保证评审结果的公正性，组委会要求所有评审专家签署利益冲突声明，并对涉及自身利益的项目主动回避。(To ensure the fairness of review outcomes, the organising committee required all review experts to sign conflict-of-interest declarations and to recuse themselves from projects in which they had a personal stake.)
• 同行评审制度虽然被批评效率低下，但迄今为止仍是学界公认的维护学术质量与诚信的最有效机制之一。(The peer review system, though criticised for its inefficiency, remains to this day one of the most effective mechanisms recognised by the academic community for maintaining scholarly quality and integrity.)

避ける言い方

• 评审 is a formal institutional process — do not confuse with 评论 (commentary) or 评价 (general evaluation); 评审 implies a committee or panel reaching an official determination

起源と歴史

评 (to comment, to judge) + 审 (to examine carefully — 宀 roof + 番 patterned systematic examination)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal