贺电

• ピンイン: hè diàn
• 漢字の分解: 贺 = 加 (add) + 贝 (cowrie shell/valuables — to add gifts/congratulations); 电 = 雨 simplified (electricity/telegram)

意味

祝電（正式な祝賀メッセージ）

Historically refers to congratulatory telegrams, but in modern usage extends to any formal congratulatory communiqué, including diplomatic messages between heads of state, party messages marking national events, and institutional congratulations. A formal, official genre of communication with standardised structure and language. Appears frequently in government documents, news reports, and diplomatic correspondence.

例文

1. 国家主席向友好国家新任总统发出贺电，表达了中方对双边关系发展的美好期许。
2. 这家百年企业举办庆典时，收到了来自全国各地商业伙伴和政府机构发来的数百份贺电。
3. 中央军委向边防部队发出贺电，对官兵们在恶劣条件下坚守岗位的精神给予高度赞扬。

使い方ガイド

場面: diplomacy, government, official communications, ceremonies

トーン: formal

正しい言い方

• 建党百年之际，各民主党派相继发来贺电，表达对中国共产党历史成就的崇高敬意。(On the centenary of the party's founding, the various democratic parties sent congratulatory messages one after another, expressing the highest respect for the historical achievements of the Communist Party of China.)
• 奥运健儿夺金后，国家体育总局向代表团发去贺电，对运动员的卓越表现深表祝贺。(After the Olympic athletes won gold, the General Administration of Sport sent a congratulatory message to the delegation, expressing warm congratulations for the athletes' outstanding performance.)

避ける言い方

• 贺电 in casual contexts or for personal congratulations — use 祝贺 or 恭喜 for informal settings; 贺电 is strictly a formal institutional or diplomatic communication genre

起源と歴史

贺 (to congratulate; celebrate) + 电 (electricity; telegram; message — originally shorthand for 电报, telegram)

文化的背景

時代: Modern era

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal