酗酒

• Pinyin: xù jiǔ
• Desglose de hanzi: 酗 = 酉 (alcohol radical) + 凶 (violent/fierce — aggressive drunkenness); 酒 = 氵+ 酉 (alcohol/liquor)

Significado

Beber en exceso; alcoholismo; consumo abusivo de alcohol.

Describes a pattern of harmful excessive drinking, stronger than 喝酒 (to drink) and 贪杯 (to enjoy drinking too much). Used in medical, legal, and social contexts. 酗酒驾车 (drunk driving) is a common legal compound.

Ejemplos

1. 长期酗酒严重损害了他的肝脏功能，医生警告他必须立即戒酒方能避免更严重的后果。
2. 酗酒驾车不仅威胁驾驶人自身的安全，更对道路上的无辜行人构成极大危险。
3. 家庭暴力案件的统计数据显示，酗酒是诱发家庭冲突的主要因素之一。

Guía de uso

Contexto: health, law, social issues, family

Tono: critical

Correcto

• 政府加大了对酗酒驾车行为的执法力度，并提高了相应的法律处罚标准以威慑潜在违法者。(The government has intensified enforcement against drunk driving and raised the corresponding legal penalties to deter potential offenders.)
• 酗酒不仅损害个人健康，还会对家庭关系和社会秩序造成严重的负面影响。(Heavy drinking not only harms personal health but also inflicts serious negative consequences on family relationships and social order.)

Incorrecto

• 他酗酒了一点 — 酗酒 implies excessive, harmful drinking as a pattern; for having a little too much on one occasion use 喝多了; 酗酒 cannot be modified by 一点

Origen e historia

酗 = 酉 (wine vessel/alcohol) + 凶 (fierce/violent) — violent drinking behaviour; 酒 = alcohol/spirits

Contexto cultural

Época: Modern

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal