虚构

• Pinyin: xū gòu
• Desglose de hanzi: 虚 = 虍 + 业 (empty/false); 构 = 木 + 冓 (construct/frame)

Significado

Inventar; fabricar; ficción.

Used in literary criticism (虚构作品 = fiction), legal contexts (虚构事实 = fabricating facts), and everyday speech for inventing falsehoods. Contrasts with 纪实 (documentary/nonfiction).

Ejemplos

1. 这部小说的情节完全属于虚构，与现实中的任何人物或事件均无关联。
2. 法院认定被告在庭审中虚构了关键证据，判决其承担相应的法律责任。
3. 优秀的虚构作品能够在想象的世界中揭示深刻的人性真相。

Guía de uso

Contexto: literature, law, media, academic

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 这篇报道中存在虚构成分，编辑部已就此向读者公开致歉。(This article contains fabricated content, and the editorial team has publicly apologised to readers.)
• 文学中的虚构并非谎言，而是通过想象探索人类经验的一种方式。(Fabrication in literature is not deception but a way to explore human experience through imagination.)

Incorrecto

• 虚构一个好想法 — 虚构 implies falseness or invention of non-existent things; for positive creative ideas use 构思 or 设想 instead

Origen e historia

虚 (empty/false) + 构 (construct/build) — to construct something without real substance

Contexto cultural

Época: Modern

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal