废墟

• Pinyin: fèi xū
• Desglose de hanzi: 废 = 广 + 发 (abandoned structure — destroyed, discarded); 墟 = 土 + 虚 (earth + empty/hollow — an empty mound of earth; desolate ruins)

Significado

Ruinas; escombros.

Describes the physical remains of buildings or cities destroyed by war, natural disaster, or the passage of time. Often carries strong literary and emotional connotations of loss, history, and the passage of civilisation. Common in historical, literary, and journalistic contexts.

Ejemplos

1. 考古队在这片绵延数公里的废墟下发掘出了保存相对完好的古代城市遗址，出土文物的年代可追溯至公元前两千年前后的青铜时代早期。
2. 战后重建团队在弹痕密布的废墟中艰难作业，试图在保留历史遗存的前提下尽快恢复这座城市基本的居住功能和公共服务体系。
3. 她在废墟清理现场的碎砖瓦砾中发现了一枚锈迹斑斑的铜制勋章，背面镌刻的名字令她意识到这是她祖父在这场战役中阵亡的有力证据。

Guía de uso

Contexto: history, literature, journalism, archaeology

Tono: solemn

Correcto

• 这座曾在十九世纪末叶盛极一时的工业重镇，如今只剩下连绵数公里锈蚀坍塌的厂房废墟，无声地诉说着一个工业时代的兴衰荣辱与历史沧桑。(This industrial town, which was at its peak at the end of the nineteenth century, now has only kilometres of rusted, collapsed factory ruins, silently recounting the rise and fall, and the vicissitudes of history, of an industrial era.)
• 在废墟之上重建家园不仅是一项工程任务，更是一场关于集体记忆、文化认同与社区韧性的深刻社会实践，其难度和复杂程度远超单纯的物质重建。(Rebuilding a home upon ruins is not only an engineering task but also a profound social practice concerning collective memory, cultural identity, and community resilience — its difficulty and complexity far exceeds that of purely physical reconstruction.)

Incorrecto

• 废墟 for minor damage or disrepair — do not say 这个房间是废墟 for a messy room; 废墟 refers to genuinely destroyed or collapsed structures; for disorder, use 一片狼藉 or 杂乱不堪

Origen e historia

废 (abandoned; destroyed) + 墟 (ruins; empty mound; desolate place) — the remains of a destroyed or abandoned place

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal