怡然自得

• 병음: yí rán zì dé
• 한자 분석: 怡 = 心 + 台 (heart + platform — a settled, pleased heart); 然 = suffix indicating manner/state; 自 = nose radical (self, oneself); 得 = 彳 + 旦 + 寸 (movement + sunrise + inch — to attain, obtain)

뜻

여유롭고 만족스럽다

A four-character idiom (成语) describing serene, self-sufficient happiness — the opposite of anxious striving. Often used to describe retired people, those living close to nature, or anyone at peace with a simple life. Positive connotation. Compare 自得其乐 (finding joy in one's own way).

예문

1. 老教授退休后在乡间开辟了一片菜园，每日耕种、读书、品茶，过得怡然自得，全无城市生活的浮躁之气。
2. 他在嘈杂的都市中辟出一间书房，关上门便能怡然自得地沉浸在古典音乐与文学的世界里。
3. 这群候鸟在湿地中觅食嬉戏，神态怡然自得，仿佛对周围观察它们的摄影师浑然不觉。

사용 가이드

맥락: literary, lifestyle, nature, retirement

어조: positive

올바른 표현

• 这位画家隐居山林多年，生活清贫却怡然自得，作品也透出宁静气息。(This painter lived in seclusion in the mountains for years, and though life was modest, he was content and at ease; his works also gave off a calm atmosphere.)
• 她辞去了高薪的投行职位，返回家乡经营一间小小的花艺工作室，每天与花草为伍，怡然自得，从未后悔当初的抉择。(She resigned from her high-paying investment banking position and returned to her hometown to run a small floral design studio; spending her days among flowers and plants, she was contentedly at ease and never regretted the choice she had made.)

피해야 할 표현

• 他怡然自得地加班到深夜 — 怡然自得 implies peaceful, unhurried contentment; pairing it with stressful overwork is contradictory; use 甘之如饴 or 乐在其中 if the person genuinely enjoys demanding work

기원과 역사

怡 (cheerful/pleased — 心 heart + 台 platform, a heart at rest) + 然 (so/thus — functioning as a suffix meaning 'in such a manner') + 自 (self/oneself) + 得 (obtain/attain — here meaning to have/feel)

문화적 배경

시대: Classical/Modern

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal