收支

• 병음: shōu zhī
• 한자 분석: 收 = 丩 + 攴 (to receive, bring in — income); 支 = 十 + 又 (to disburse — paying out by hand)

뜻

수입과 지출; 수지

A standard accounting and economics term. Key compound: 收支平衡 (to balance the books, break even — one of the most common collocations); 收支相抵 (income and expenditure offset each other); 收支状况 (financial position); 收支报告 (income and expenditure report). Used at all levels — personal finance, corporate accounting, and government budgeting. Contrast: 盈亏 (profit and loss — implies a business outcome with gain or loss); 财政 (public finance — specifically governmental).

예문

1. 理财顾问建议，成年人应定期核查家庭收支，分门别类记录固定和可变支出，以便及早发现风险。
2. 财政公告显示，因土地出让收入下滑，全市公共预算收支缺口比上年扩大约十七个百分点，需动用调节基金弥补。
3. 季度分析指出，公司主营业务收支已连平两个季度，但算上研发和推广费用，整体仍是亏损。

사용 가이드

맥락: finance, accounting, economics, government, personal finance

어조: neutral

올바른 표현

• 无论个人还是企业，保持收支平衡都是财务健康的前提；关键在于建立透明记录、明确支出优先级，并定期复核预算。(For individuals and companies alike, maintaining balanced income and expenditure is the basis of financial health; the key is transparent records, clear spending priorities, and regular budget reviews.)
• 财政收支直接影响公共服务质量；收入下滑时，优化支出结构、精准压缩开支就很关键。(Government revenue and expenditure directly affect public service quality; when revenue falls, optimizing spending structure and cutting expenses precisely becomes crucial.)

피해야 할 표현

• 收支 as a synonym for 盈亏 (profit and loss) — 收支 is a neutral description of money flowing in and out without implying a final result, whereas 盈亏 specifically refers to the net outcome (profit or loss); use 盈亏 when the question is whether a venture made or lost money, and 收支 when the focus is on the balance or flow itself

기원과 역사

收 (to receive, income) + 支 (to disburse, expenditure — 十 ten + 又 hand, suggesting paying out with a hand)

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal