防汛

• 병음: fáng xùn
• 한자 분석: 防 = 阝+ 方 (earthen embankment — originally referring to a levee); 汛 = 氵+ 巳 (water at its cyclical peak — the flood season)

뜻

방재·치수(홍수 예방/대응)

A key administrative and engineering term in China, where seasonal floods pose a major challenge to large river basins such as the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers. Common collocations: 防汛工作、防汛物资、防汛预案、防汛抗旱. Typically involves government agencies, military units, and local residents.

예문

1. 汛期临近，地方政府提前启动了防汛应急预案，对沿河低洼地带的居民进行了疏散安置，并调配了大量沙袋和排水设备备用。
2. 今年入夏以来，长江中下游地区持续降雨，水利部门全力开展防汛抢险工作，多处堤坝险情得到了及时处置。
3. 该省投入大量资金对老旧水库进行加固升级，作为提升整体防汛能力、保障下游百万居民生命财产安全的重要举措。

사용 가이드

맥락: government, civil-engineering, environment, emergency

어조: serious

올바른 표현

• 市防汛指挥部发出紧急通知，要求各区县立即启动一级响应机制，并确保防汛物资储备充足、人员到位。(The city's flood control headquarters issued an emergency notice requiring all districts and counties to immediately activate the Level 1 response mechanism and ensure that flood control supplies are adequately stocked and personnel are in position.)
• 工程师对水库泄洪闸进行了全面检测，确认各项防汛设施运转正常，可承受预估的最大洪峰流量。(Engineers conducted a comprehensive inspection of the reservoir's flood discharge gates, confirming that all flood control facilities are operating normally and can withstand the estimated maximum flood peak discharge.)

피해야 할 표현

• 防止洪水 in administrative contexts — while grammatically correct, the technical administrative term is 防汛; 防止洪水 is more colloquial and general

기원과 역사

防 (to prevent) + 汛 (flood season) — to prevent the damage of the flood season

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal