こ JLPT N3 Vocabulary

Kana こ

1. 広告 こうこく Advertisement; advertising. A public notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event.
2. 交渉 こうしょう Negotiations; bargaining; discussions; talks. The process of discussing terms to reach an agreement.
3. 国会 こっかい National Diet; the legislative assembly of Japan. The parliament that makes laws.
4. 工学 こうがく Engineering; the branch of science and technology concerned with design, building, and use of machines and structures.
5. コンピュータ コンピュータ Computer; an electronic device for storing, processing, and retrieving data.
6. 国民 こくみん People of a country; nation; citizen; national. Refers to the collective citizenry of a nation.
7. 高齢化 こうれいか Ageing of a population; population ageing. The demographic shift toward a higher proportion of elderly people.
8. 講師 こうし Lecturer; instructor; speaker. A person who gives lectures or teaches, often at a university or seminar.
9. 鉱物 こうぶつ Mineral. A naturally occurring inorganic substance with a defined chemical composition.
10. 困難 こんなん Difficulty; hardship; trouble. A serious challenge or obstacle.
11. 肯定する こうていする To affirm; to approve; to endorse. Used to express agreement with or validation of a statement, idea, or proposal.
12. 抗議する こうぎする To protest; to object; to lodge a complaint. Used when formally expressing opposition or disagreement.
13. 越える こえる To cross over; to go beyond; to exceed. Used for physically crossing boundaries or surpassing limits.
14. 克服する こくふくする To overcome; to conquer; to surmount. Used for triumphing over difficulties, fears, or weaknesses.
15. 交換 こうかん Exchange; swap; replacement. The act of giving one thing and receiving another in return.
16. 攻撃 こうげき Attack; strike; offensive. An aggressive action aimed at harming or defeating an opponent.
17. 貢献 こうけん Contribution; service. Making a meaningful positive impact on something or someone.
18. 交際 こうさい Friendship; association; dating. Social interaction or a romantic relationship between people.
19. 構成 こうせい Organization; composition; structure. The way parts are arranged to form a whole.
20. 考慮 こうりょ Consideration; taking into account. Carefully thinking about something before acting.
21. コーチ コーチ Coach; trainer. A person who instructs or guides others in sports, skills, or personal development.
22. 凍る こおる To freeze; to be frozen over; to congeal. Used when liquids solidify from cold or when things become ice-covered.
23. 呼吸 こきゅう Breathing; respiration. The physical act of inhaling and exhaling, or the rhythm and timing of an action.
24. 越す こす To cross; to pass through; to go over; to move past a point or threshold.
25. 骨折 こっせつ Bone fracture; broken bone. A medical condition where a bone cracks or breaks.
26. 異なる ことなる To differ; to vary; to be different. Used to describe how things are not the same.
27. 好む このむ To like; to prefer; to have a taste for. Expresses a general preference or fondness for something.
28. こぼす こぼす To spill; to drop liquid. The act of accidentally or deliberately letting a liquid fall from a container.
29. こぼれる こぼれる To overflow; to spill over; to leak out. The natural, uncontrolled spilling or overflowing of a liquid or substance.
30. 殺す ころす To kill; to put to death. Used for both literal and figurative contexts of ending life or suppressing something.
31. 転ぶ ころぶ To fall down; to fall over; to tumble. Used when a person trips, slips, or loses their footing.
32. 婚約 こんやく Engagement; betrothal. A formal promise between two people to marry.
33. 混乱 こんらん Confusion; chaos; disorder. A state where things are disorganized or people are bewildered.
34. 後悔 こうかい Regret; repentance. A feeling of sorrow or disappointment over something done or left undone.
35. 航海 こうかい Voyage; sailing; navigation. A journey by ship across the sea.
36. 拘束 こうそく Restriction; restraint; detention. Physically or legally confining someone or limiting their freedom.
37. 荒廃 こうはい Ruin; devastation; decay. The state of falling into disrepair or becoming desolate.
38. 公平 こうへい Fair; impartial; just. Describes treating everyone equally without bias.
39. 濃い こい Thick; dense; strong; dark. Describes concentrated colour, flavour, or density.
40. 幸運 こううん Good luck; good fortune. Describes a favourable turn of events or a blessed state.
41. 公正 こうせい Fair; just; impartial. Describes decisions, judgments, or processes free from bias.
42. 高速 こうそく High speed; express. Describes rapid movement or fast-paced systems and infrastructure.
43. 今回 こんかい This time; now; the current occasion. Refers to the present instance of a recurring event.
44. 今後 こんご From now on; hereafter; in the future. Refers to the period of time starting from the present.
45. こんなに こんなに This much; so much; to this extent. Expresses surprise or emphasis about a degree or amount.
46. 構造 こうぞう Structure; construction; framework; organizational pattern.
47. 恋 こい Love; romantic love; tender passion. A deep feeling of romantic attraction toward someone.
48. 航空 こうくう Aviation; flying; air travel. The operation and navigation of aircraft.
49. 光景 こうけい Scene; spectacle; sight. A view or situation that makes a strong visual impression.
50. 校舎 こうしゃ School building. The main physical structure of a school where classes are held.
51. 後者 こうしゃ The latter. The second of two things previously mentioned.
52. 候補 こうほ Candidacy; candidate; nominee. A person or thing being considered for selection.
53. コード コード Code; cord; chord. A loanword with multiple meanings depending on context.
54. 氷 こおり Ice. Frozen water, or ice used in drinks and food.
55. 国語 こくご National language; Japanese language (as a school subject). The language of a country.
56. 国籍 こくせき Nationality; citizenship. The status of belonging to a particular nation.
57. 穀物 こくもつ Grain; cereal; corn. Edible seeds of cultivated grasses and crops.
58. 腰 こし Hip; waist; lower back. The area of the body between the ribs and the legs.
59. 個人 こじん Individual; private person. A single person as distinct from a group or organization.
60. 国家 こっか State; country; nation. A politically organized body of people under a government.
61. 国境 こっきょう National border; state boundary. The line separating one country from another.
62. 小包 こづつみ Parcel; package; small wrapped bundle. A wrapped item sent by post or delivery.
63. ことわざ ことわざ Proverb; saying; adage. A short, well-known expression of practical wisdom.
64. 粉 こな Flour; powder. Fine particles of a ground or processed substance.
65. 好み このみ Liking; taste; preference. One's personal inclination or choice.
66. 小麦 こむぎ Wheat. A cereal grain used as a staple food crop worldwide.
67. 小屋 こや Hut; cabin; shed. A small, simple building or shelter.
68. これら これら These; these ones. The plural form of これ (this), referring to multiple items nearby.
69. 故人 こじん The deceased; the late. A respectful term for someone who has passed away.
70. 小銭 こぜに Coins; small change; loose change. Small-denomination money, typically coins.
71. 事によると ことによると Perhaps; possibly; depending on circumstances. An expression indicating something might happen.
72. コンテスト コンテスト Contest; competition. An organised event where people compete for prizes or recognition.
73. 古代 こだい Ancient times; distant past; antiquity. The earliest periods of civilisation.
74. 後半 こうはん Second half; latter half. The later portion of a time period, event, or work.