Essential Verbs

概要

この章では「Essential Verbs」というテーマにまとまって出てくる基本語彙を学びます。単語をばらばらに覚えるのではなく、場面といっしょに定着させるための構成です。

このまとまりを身につけると、その話題について話すときの語彙が増え、読むときも聞くときも反応しやすくなります。

テーマ

この章のJLPT N2 Vocabulary (302)

1. 相次ぐ あいつぐ To follow in succession; to happen one after another. Describes events occurring in rapid sequence.
2. 相槌を打つ あいづちをうつ To make use of aizuchi; to back-channel. Throwing in interjections to show that one is paying attention during a conversation.
3. 崇める あがめる To revere; to respect; to worship. Used when showing deep reverence toward a deity, leader, or sacred entity.
4. 揚げ足を取る あげあしをとる To jump on someone's verbal mistake; to trip someone up. Finding fault with minor slips in what someone says.
5. 欺く あざむく To deceive; to delude; to trick. Deliberately misleading someone through lies or false appearances.
6. あざ笑う あざわらう To laugh at; to ridicule; to mock. Laughing scornfully at someone or their efforts.
7. 足を組む あしをくむ To cross one's legs. The physical action of placing one leg over the other while seated.
8. 焦る あせる To be in a hurry; to be impatient; to feel anxious or flustered. The internal feeling of panic when pressed for time.
9. 値する あたいする To be worth; to be worthy of; to deserve. Indicates something merits a particular evaluation or response.
10. 能う あたう To be able to do; to be capable of doing. A literary verb expressing ability or possibility.
11. 頭をかかえる あたまをかかえる To be at wits' end; to be greatly perplexed. The image of holding one's head in one's hands from worry or confusion.
12. 当てにする あてにする To count on; to expect; to depend on. Placing one's trust or expectation in someone or something.
13. 侮る あなどる To disdain; to look down on; to hold in contempt. Underestimating someone or something by treating them as inferior.
14. 暴く あばく To disclose; to divulge; to expose. Bringing hidden truths, secrets, or wrongdoing to light.
15. 操る あやつる To operate; to handle; to control; to manipulate. Managing machinery, language, or people with skill.
16. 案じる あんじる To be anxious about; to be concerned about; to worry about. A somewhat formal way of expressing worry.
17. 怒りを買う いかりをかう To rouse anger; to provoke wrath; to incur someone's displeasure. Actions that invite hostility from others.
18. 息が合う いきがあう To be in sync; to be in perfect harmony. When people work or perform together seamlessly as if breathing in unison.
19. 息が詰まる いきがつまる To choke; to have trouble breathing. Also used figuratively for stifling or suffocating situations.
20. 息を呑む いきをのむ To gasp; to have one's breath taken away. The involuntary catching of breath from surprise, shock, or awe.
21. 意地を張る いじをはる To be stubborn; to not give in; to persist obstinately. Refusing to back down or compromise out of pride.
22. 労る いたわる To show compassion; to sympathise with; to treat with kindness. Caring for someone who is tired, ill, or suffering.
23. 一目置く いちもくおく To acknowledge someone's superiority; to take one's hat off to. Recognising that someone is a cut above.
24. 営む いとなむ To run a business; to operate; to conduct. Managing an ongoing enterprise or carrying on a way of life.
25. 挑む いどむ To challenge; to contend for; to throw down the gauntlet. Actively taking on a difficult opponent or task.
26. 浮かぶ うかぶ To float; to come to the surface. Also used figuratively for ideas or images coming to mind.
27. 受け止める うけとめる To catch; to stop a blow. Also used figuratively to accept or take in criticism, advice, or feelings.
28. うずくまる うずくまる To crouch; to squat down; to cower. Describes a posture of curling up close to the ground.
29. 打ち明ける うちあける To confide; to reveal; to disclose. To open up and share something private or secret with someone.
30. 打ち切る うちきる To stop; to abort; to discontinue. To cut something short before its natural end.
31. 打ち込む うちこむ To drive in; to hammer in. Also means to throw oneself into something; to devote oneself to.
32. うつむく うつむく To hang one's head; to look down; to cast one's eyes downward.
33. うぬぼれる うぬぼれる To be conceited; to be vain; to be full of oneself. To have an exaggerated sense of one's own abilities.
34. 敬う うやまう To show respect for; to revere; to honour. To treat someone or something with deep admiration and deference.
35. 恨む うらむ To bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame. To harbour bitter feelings toward someone.
36. 潤う うるおう To become moist; to be moistened. Also means to profit; to benefit; to be enriched.
37. 上回る うわまわる To exceed; to surpass; to be more than. Used especially for numerical figures and statistics.
38. 縁起を担ぐ えんぎをかつぐ To be superstitious; to believe in omens. To pay attention to signs of good or bad luck.
39. 演じる えんじる To act; to play a role; to perform. Used for theatrical performances and figuratively for pretending.
40. 追い込む おいこむ To drive into; to chase into a corner. Also means to push someone to their limit or into a difficult situation.
41. 老いる おいる To age; to grow old. A literary or reflective expression for the process of ageing.
42. 大目に見る おおめにみる To overlook; to tolerate; to let pass. To be lenient about a mistake or shortcoming.
43. 犯す おかす To commit (a crime); to perpetrate. Also means to make (a mistake) or to violate (a rule).
44. 怠る おこたる To neglect; to be negligent; to fail to do. To shirk one's duties or responsibilities.
45. 押し切る おしきる To overcome opposition; to push through; to force one's way. To persist despite resistance.
46. 惜しむ おしむ To be sparing; to grudge; to regret losing. To value something so much that parting with it feels painful.
47. 押し寄せる おしよせる To surge forward; to close in; to advance on. Describes a mass of people or force moving toward something.
48. 襲う おそう To attack; to assail; to strike. Used for physical attacks and for abstract forces like disasters or emotions.
49. おだてる おだてる To flatter; to butter up; to sweet-talk. To praise someone excessively to manipulate or please them.
50. 脅す おどす To threaten; to menace; to intimidate. To frighten someone into doing something.
51. 衰える おとろえる To become weak; to decline; to wane. Describes a gradual loss of strength, power, or vitality.
52. 怯える おびえる To become frightened; to be scared of; to cower in fear. Describes a state of trembling or cowering from something threatening.
53. 帯びる おびる To wear (a sword, badge, etc.); to carry; to bear. Also means to take on a quality or characteristic.
54. 思いやる おもいやる To sympathise with; to feel for; to be considerate of. To show thoughtful concern for another person.
55. 赴く おもむく To go to; to proceed toward; to head for. A formal or literary way of saying to go somewhere with purpose.
56. 重んじる おもんじる To respect; to honour; to esteem; to prize. To place great importance on something.
57. 折り返す おりかえす To turn up (a hem, sleeves, etc.); to fold back. Also means to return (a call) or to turn back along a route.
58. 省みる かえりみる To reflect on; to look back on; to examine oneself. To contemplate one's own past actions or conduct.
59. 顔を立てる かおをたてる To save face; to show deference; to make someone look good. To act in a way that preserves another person's dignity or reputation.
60. 霞む かすむ To become misty; to become hazy; to be blurred. Describes vision or scenery becoming indistinct.
61. 肩を並べる かたをならべる To stand shoulder-to-shoulder; to be on equal footing; to rival; to be comparable to.
62. 肩を持つ かたをもつ To side with someone; to support someone; to take someone's side in a dispute.
63. 担ぐ かつぐ To shoulder; to carry on one's shoulder. Also means to set someone up as a leader or to play a prank on someone.
64. 敵う かなう To match; to rival; to be a match for. Usually used in the negative to mean 'cannot compete with.'
65. 庇う かばう To protect someone; to defend; to cover for; to stick up for. To shield someone from blame or harm.
66. 醸し出す かもしだす To create (an atmosphere, feeling, etc.); to produce; to engender. To gradually bring about a mood or quality.
67. 醸す かもす To brew (sake, etc.); to cause; to give rise to. To create or bring about something gradually.
68. 軽んじる かろんじる To look down on; to make light of; to belittle; to treat as unimportant.
69. 気が遠くなる きがとおくなる To faint; to lose consciousness. Also means to feel overwhelmed by something vast or endless.
70. 気が引ける きがひける To feel awkward; to feel ashamed; to feel inferior; to feel shy about doing something.
71. 軋む きしむ To creak; to grate; to squeak. The sound of friction between hard surfaces.
72. 気に病む きにやむ To worry about; to fret over; to be anxious about something and let it affect one's wellbeing.
73. 肝に銘じる きもにめいじる To take to heart; to bear firmly in mind; to engrave on one's heart. To deeply internalise a lesson or warning.
74. 気を利かせる きをきかせる To use tact; to be thoughtful; to exercise discretion; to take a hint and act accordingly.
75. 気を抜く きをぬく To lose focus; to let one's guard down; to relax one's attention; to slack off.
76. 食い違う くいちがう To not match; to disagree; to conflict. Used when two things fail to align properly.
77. 朽ちる くちる To rot; to decay; to crumble away. Describes the gradual deterioration of physical objects or, figuratively, of reputation or spirit.
78. 口を挟む くちをはさむ To cut into a conversation; to interject; to butt in. Used when someone inserts a comment into an ongoing discussion.
79. 覆す くつがえす To overturn; to reverse; to upset. Used for overturning decisions, rulings, or established situations.
80. 首をかしげる くびをかしげる To tilt one's head to the side in doubt or confusion; to be puzzled; to be skeptical.
81. 組み込む くみこむ To incorporate; to include; to embed; to build in. Used for integrating parts into a larger system or plan.
82. 悔やむ くやむ To regret; to mourn; to lament. Expresses deep regret over something that has already happened.
83. 企てる くわだてる To plan; to plot; to scheme; to devise. Often implies planning something ambitious or secretive.
84. 計算に入れる けいさんにいれる To factor in; to take into account; to include in one's calculations or considerations.
85. 呼吸が合う こきゅうがあう To be in sync; to work well together; to hit it off. Describes when two people's timing and rhythm match perfectly.
86. 志す こころざす To aspire to; to set one's heart on; to aim for. Expresses a strong, purposeful intention toward a goal.
87. 心に刻む こころにきざむ To etch into one's heart; to engrave in memory; to remember deeply and never forget.
88. 試みる こころみる To try; to attempt; to have a go at something. A somewhat formal or literary way to express making an attempt.
89. 心を奪われる こころをうばわれる To be captivated by; to be fascinated with; to have one's heart stolen. Describes being deeply enchanted or mesmerized.
90. 拗らせる こじらせる To aggravate; to complicate; to make worse. Used when a situation, illness, or relationship becomes more tangled or difficult.
91. 胡麻を擂る ごまをする To flatter; to butter up; to curry favour. An idiomatic expression meaning to ingratiate oneself with someone.
92. 懲りる こりる To learn one's lesson; to learn the hard way; to have had enough of something unpleasant.
93. 凝る こる To become stiff (of muscles); to be absorbed in; to be particular about. Has multiple related senses around concentration and tension.
94. 遮る さえぎる To block; to obstruct; to intercept; to interrupt. Used for blocking light, views, paths, or speech.
95. 冴える さえる To be clear; to be sharp; to be vivid; to be brilliant. Describes clarity of sight, sound, mind, or skill.
96. 栄える さかえる To prosper; to flourish; to thrive. Describes a state of growing success, vitality, or prominence.
97. 咲き乱れる さきみだれる To bloom in profusion; to blossom wildly. Describes flowers blooming abundantly in a beautiful, almost chaotic display.
98. 蔑む さげすむ To scorn; to despise; to look down on; to hold in contempt. Expresses strong disdain toward someone.
99. 囁く ささやく To whisper; to murmur; to speak softly. Used for quiet, intimate, or secretive speech.
100. 差し支える さしつかえる To interfere with; to hinder; to pose a problem. Often used in the negative to mean there is no problem.
101. さじを投げる さじをなげる To give up on something as hopeless; to throw in the towel. Used when abandoning an effort after concluding nothing more can be done.
102. 授ける さずける To grant; to confer; to award. Used when bestowing something valuable such as knowledge, a title, or a blessing.
103. 摩る さする To rub; to stroke; to massage. A physical action of gently moving the hand over a surface or body part.
104. 定まる さだまる To become settled; to be fixed; to be determined. Describes a state where something uncertain becomes established.
105. 定める さだめる To decide; to determine; to establish. Used for setting rules, standards, or making definitive decisions.
106. 悟る さとる To perceive; to realize; to become aware of. To grasp a truth or understand something deeply through insight.
107. 彷徨う さまよう To wander; to roam about; to drift aimlessly. Describes moving around without a clear destination or purpose.
108. 仕上げる しあげる To finish up; to complete; to polish off. To bring something to a final, polished state.
109. 強いる しいる To force; to compel; to coerce. To make someone do something against their will.
110. 仕入れる しいれる To stock up on; to purchase; to procure goods. Used primarily in business for buying inventory or materials.
111. 仕切る しきる To partition; to divide; to mark off. Also means to take charge of or manage an event or situation.
112. しくじる しくじる To fail; to blunder; to mess up. To make a mistake that leads to an unsuccessful outcome.
113. 仕組む しくむ To devise; to plan; to set up; to plot. To arrange something behind the scenes, often with strategic intent.
114. 慕う したう To yearn for; to adore; to look up to with affection. A deep emotional longing or admiration for someone.
115. 親しむ したしむ To become familiar with; to befriend; to grow fond of. To develop a close, comfortable relationship with someone or something.
116. 下回る したまわる To fall below; to be less than; to be lower than. Used for figures, statistics, or expectations that come in under a certain level.
117. 舌を巻く したをまく To be astonished; to be amazed; to be deeply impressed. An expression of overwhelming admiration.
118. 凌ぐ しのぐ To endure; to weather; to stave off. Also means to surpass or outdo.
119. 染みる しみる To soak in; to permeate; to pierce; to sting. Describes something penetrating deeply, either physically or emotionally.
120. 主導権を握る しゅどうけんをにぎる To seize the initiative; to take the lead; to gain control. Describes taking command of a situation or process.
121. 条件を呑む じょうけんをのむ To accept the conditions; to swallow the terms. To agree to demands or terms, often reluctantly.
122. 称する しょうする To call; to name; to style oneself as. To designate or refer to something by a particular name or title.
123. 記す しるす To write down; to note; to record; to jot down. To put something into written form for reference or posterity.
124. 据える すえる To place; to set; to install; to fix in position. To put something firmly in its designated place.
125. 廃れる すたれる To go out of use; to become obsolete; to fall out of fashion. Describes something gradually losing its relevance or popularity.
126. 制する せいする To hold back; to rein in; to restrain. Also means to control or dominate a competition or situation.
127. 急かす せかす To hurry someone up; to urge on; to press; to rush someone.
128. せがむ せがむ To badger; to pester; to beg someone persistently for something.
129. 世話を焼く せわをやく To take care of someone; to look after someone; to be helpful or attentive to others.
130. 添える そえる To add to; to accompany; to garnish. Used for attaching something supplementary to a main item.
131. 即する そくする To conform to; to be in accordance with; to be based on reality or actual conditions.
132. 損なう そこなう To harm; to damage; to spoil; to impair. Describes causing loss or deterioration to something valuable.
133. 底をつく そこをつく To run out of; to be depleted; to dry up. Describes resources or supplies reaching zero.
134. 備え付ける そなえつける To furnish; to equip; to install; to provide as a built-in feature or standard equipment.
135. 背く そむく To go against; to disobey; to defy; to run counter to expectations or rules.
136. 反らす そらす To bend back; to warp; to curve; to arch something intentionally.
137. 反る そる To warp; to curve; to arch; to bend backwards naturally or due to some force.
138. 体調を崩す たいちょうをくずす To fall ill; to become unwell; to have one's physical condition deteriorate.
139. 託す たくす To entrust; to leave a matter with someone; to place under someone's care.
140. 蓄える たくわえる To store up; to save; to accumulate; to stock up on resources for future use.
141. 携わる たずさわる To be involved in; to engage in; to participate in work or a project.
142. 称える たたえる To praise; to extol; to laud; to celebrate someone's achievements or qualities.
143. 佇む たたずむ To stand still; to linger; to stand quietly in a place, often lost in thought.
144. 漂う ただよう To drift; to float; to hang in the air. Describes something moving without direction or lingering in a space.
145. 立ち寄る たちよる To drop by; to stop by; to make a brief visit to a place along the way.
146. 脱する だっする To escape from; to break free of; to get out of a negative state or situation.
147. たどり着く たどりつく To finally arrive at; to reach at last; to manage to get to a destination after difficulty.
148. 束ねる たばねる To bundle; to tie up together; to gather into a bunch. Also means to lead or manage a group.
149. 縮まる ちぢまる To shorten; to shrink; to narrow; to become smaller in size or distance.
150. 縮む ちぢむ To shrink; to contract; to diminish in size. Describes something becoming physically smaller.
151. 縮れる ちぢれる To be wavy; to be curled; to be frizzled. Describes hair or fibres that have a naturally kinked or curly texture.
152. 費やす ついやす To spend; to expend; to consume. Used for time, money, energy, or resources devoted to something.
153. 使いこなす つかいこなす To master; to handle skilfully; to have full command of a tool, language, or skill.
154. 司る つかさどる To be in charge of; to manage; to direct; to administer; to preside over.
155. 突き止める つきとめる To determine; to pin down; to ascertain; to locate; to identify, especially a cause or culprit.
156. 尽きる つきる To be used up; to be exhausted; to run out; to come to an end.
157. 尽くす つくす To exhaust; to use up; to do one's utmost; to serve devotedly.
158. 償う つぐなう To make up for; to compensate for; to atone for; to indemnify; to redeem a fault.
159. 告げる つげる To tell; to inform; to announce. Often used for delivering significant or weighty news.
160. つじつまが合う つじつまがあう To be consistent; to be coherent; to add up logically.
161. 培う つちかう To cultivate; to foster; to nurture over time through sustained effort.
162. 慎む つつしむ To be careful; to be discreet; to refrain from; to exercise restraint.
163. 努める つとめる To endeavour; to strive; to make an effort; to exert oneself; to devote oneself.
164. 募る つのる To intensify; to grow stronger; to become worse. Also: to recruit; to solicit; to collect.
165. 呟く つぶやく To mutter; to murmur; to grumble. To speak in a low voice, often to oneself.
166. 詰め替える つめかえる To refill; to repack; to transfer contents from one container to another.
167. 強がる つよがる To pretend to be tough; to put on a brave front; to bluff; to act strong despite feeling otherwise.
168. 連なる つらなる To extend; to stretch out; to stand in a row; to form a line or series.
169. 貫く つらぬく To pierce; to penetrate; to go through. Also: to stick to one's beliefs; to carry through to the end.
170. 手がける てがける To handle; to manage; to work on; to have experience with. Used for projects or creative works one has been involved in.
171. 手が込む てがこむ To be intricate; to be elaborate; to be complicated; to require great skill or effort.
172. 手に余る てにあまる To be beyond one's capacities; to be unmanageable; to be more than one can handle.
173. 照れる てれる To be shy; to be bashful; to feel embarrassed; to feel awkward from praise or attention.
174. 手を打つ てをうつ To take measures; to take action; to deal with a problem before it worsens.
175. 手を組む てをくむ To join forces; to team up; to collaborate; to clasp hands together.
176. 手を尽くす てをつくす To try all possible means; to exhaust every option. Used when someone does everything in their power to achieve a result.
177. 手を引く てをひく To withdraw from a deal or involvement; to wash one's hands of something. Indicates a deliberate decision to stop participating.
178. 手を焼く てをやく To not know what to do with someone or something; to be at a loss; to have difficulty dealing with a troublesome situation.
179. 道理に適う どうりにかなう To stand to reason; to be logical or reasonable. Used when something makes sense or is consistent with common sense.
180. 咎める とがめる To blame; to reproach; to censure; to find fault with someone's actions or behaviour.
181. 途切れる とぎれる To break off; to be interrupted; to come to an end; to be cut short or paused.
182. 遂げる とげる To accomplish; to achieve; to carry out. Implies completing something significant through sustained effort.
183. 途絶える とだえる To stop; to cease; to come to an end; to be cut off completely. Implies something that once continued has now ended.
184. 唱える となえる To recite; to chant; to advocate or propose an idea. Used both for vocal recitation and for putting forward theories or opinions.
185. 怒鳴る どなる To shout in anger; to yell; to bellow. Specifically implies shouting driven by anger or frustration.
186. 捉える とらえる To catch; to capture; to seize; to grasp. Also used figuratively for understanding or interpreting something.
187. 取り掛かる とりかかる To begin doing something; to start; to set about; to get down to work on a task.
188. 取り締まる とりしまる To manage; to control; to supervise; to crack down on; to regulate or enforce rules.
189. 取り寄せる とりよせる To order something and have it sent to oneself; to send away for. Often used for specialty food or products from other regions.
190. 蕩ける とろける To melt and become soft or liquid; to dissolve. Also used figuratively when overwhelmed by pleasure or beauty.
191. 蔑ろにする ないがしろにする To make light of; to ignore; to slight; to treat with contempt or neglect.
192. 嘆く なげく To lament; to grieve; to deplore. Expresses deep sorrow or regret about a situation.
193. 撫でる なでる To stroke; to caress; to brush gently; to pat. A gentle touching motion along a surface.
194. 舐める なめる To lick; to lap; to taste. Also used colloquially to mean 'to underestimate' or 'to look down on.'
195. 悩ます なやます To afflict; to torment; to trouble; to cause worry or distress to someone.
196. 成り立つ なりたつ To consist of; to be made up of; to be composed of. Also means to be viable or hold true.
197. 滲む にじむ To run or spread (of liquid); to bleed; to blot; to seep. Also used figuratively for emotions showing through.
198. 担う になう To carry on one's shoulder; to bear responsibility; to play a role in. Often used for shouldering duties or roles.
199. 抜け出す ぬけだす To slip out; to sneak away; to break free from a situation. Also means to get through a difficult period.
200. 値切る ねぎる To drive a bargain; to beat down the price; to haggle. Specifically refers to negotiating a lower price.
201. ねじれる ねじれる To get twisted; to become crooked or warped. Describes physical distortion or figurative complications.
202. 妬む ねたむ To be jealous of; to envy; to begrudge someone their success or happiness.
203. ねだる ねだる To beg; to pester; to coax someone into giving something. Implies persistent, sometimes whiny requesting.
204. 粘る ねばる To be sticky; to be adhesive. Also means to persist tenaciously; to stick with something and not give up.
205. 罵る ののしる To abuse verbally; to curse at; to shout abuse at someone. Describes harsh, aggressive verbal attacks.
206. 捗る はかどる To make good progress; to move right ahead with work; to advance smoothly.
207. 育む はぐくむ To raise; to bring up; to nurture. Emphasises the careful, loving process of fostering growth.
208. 励む はげむ To work hard; to strive; to devote oneself to an endeavour. Conveys sustained, earnest effort.
209. はしゃぐ はしゃぐ To make merry; to frolic; to be in high spirits. Describes lively, exuberant behaviour.
210. 恥じる はじる To feel ashamed; to be embarrassed about one's own actions or shortcomings.
211. 恥をかく はじをかく To be embarrassed; to lose face; to make a fool of oneself in front of others.
212. バテる ばてる To be exhausted; to be worn out; to run out of energy, especially from heat or physical exertion.
213. 鼻にかける はなにかける To be full of pride; to be boastful; to show off about something one is proud of.
214. 阻む はばむ To keep someone from doing something; to prevent; to hinder; to obstruct progress or action.
215. 波紋を呼ぶ はもんをよぶ To cause a stir; to have repercussions; to generate controversy or widespread reaction.
216. 腹を決める はらをきめる To resolve; to make up one's mind; to steel oneself for a difficult decision.
217. 腹を割る はらをわる To be frank; to speak candidly; to drop all pretence and show one's true feelings.
218. 反感を買う はんかんをかう To antagonise; to provoke antipathy; to invite resentment from others through one's actions.
219. 率いる ひきいる To lead; to spearhead a group; to command troops or an organisation.
220. 引き起こす ひきおこす To cause; to induce; to bring about; to provoke an event or situation, usually negative.
221. ひざまずく ひざまずく To kneel in respect; to genuflect; to go down on one's knees.
222. 潜む ひそむ To lurk; to be hidden; to lie concealed or dormant beneath the surface.
223. 浸す ひたす To soak; to dip; to steep; to immerse something in liquid.
224. 浸る ひたる To be soaked in; to be flooded; to be submerged. Also to be immersed in an emotion or experience.
225. ひっつける ひっつける To stick; to affix; to attach one thing to another. A colloquial variant of くっつける.
226. 非を認める ひをみとめる To admit fault; to acknowledge that one is wrong. Used when someone accepts responsibility for a mistake or wrongdoing.
227. 顰蹙を買う ひんしゅくをかう To invite disapproval; to be frowned upon by others. Describes behaviour that earns the displeasure or disgust of people around you.
228. 更ける ふける To get late; to advance; to wear on. Specifically describes the deepening of night or the advancing of a season.
229. 塞ぐ ふさぐ To stop up; to close up; to block; to plug; to shut. Used for physically covering or obstructing openings such as ears, eyes, or gaps.
230. 物議を醸す ぶつぎをかもす To cause controversy; to stir up debate; to arouse criticism. Describes actions or statements that provoke public discussion or outrage.
231. 踏まえる ふまえる To be based on; to take into account; to build upon. Used when grounding decisions or actions on prior information or experience.
232. 振り込む ふりこむ To make a bank transfer; to deposit money via transfer. The standard verb for sending money through a bank account.
233. 隔てる へだてる To separate; to isolate; to partition; to divide. Used for creating distance or barriers between things, people, or concepts.
234. 謙る へりくだる To humble oneself; to speak modestly; to be self-deprecating. Describes deliberately lowering one's own status when speaking to others.
235. 報じる ほうじる To report; to inform; to cover in the news. The standard verb for media reporting on events.
236. ボケる ぼける To grow senile; to become forgetful with age; to space out. Can also mean to play the fool in comedy.
237. 誇る ほこる To boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in. Used for expressing pride in achievements, qualities, or possessions.
238. 施す ほどこす To give; to donate; to bestow. Used for providing assistance, charity, or applying a treatment or technique.
239. 骨が折れる ほねがおれる To be laborious; to be difficult; to require great effort. An idiomatic expression describing tasks that are physically or mentally exhau...
240. 仄めかす ほのめかす To hint at; to intimate; to suggest indirectly; to allude to; to imply. Used when conveying something without stating it outright.
241. ぼやく ぼやく To grumble; to complain; to mutter grievances. Describes low-key, ongoing complaints rather than loud protests.
242. ぼやける ぼやける To become dim; to become blurred; to go out of focus. Describes the loss of clarity in vision, images, or abstract concepts.
243. 滅びる ほろびる To perish; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct; to fall to ruin. Describes the end of civilisations, species, or institutions.
244. 滅ぶ ほろぶ To perish; to be destroyed; to fall to ruin; to die out. An alternative form of 滅びる with a more classical, literary flavour.
245. 滅ぼす ほろぼす To destroy; to overthrow; to wreck; to ruin; to bring to ruin. The transitive counterpart of 滅びる, describing the act of causing destruction.
246. 賄う まかなう To cover costs; to finance; to supply necessities; to provide for. Used when funding expenses or supplying what is needed.
247. 見返す みかえす To look back at someone; to stare back; to get even with; to prove someone wrong. Has both a literal and figurative meaning.
248. 見極める みきわめる To ascertain; to determine; to see through to the end; to discern the true nature of something.
249. 見込む みこむ To anticipate; to expect; to estimate; to count on. Used when making predictions or projections based on available information.
250. 見据える みすえる To stare fixedly at; to fix one's gaze on; to look squarely at. Also used figuratively for confronting reality or looking ahead to the fu...
251. 水を切る みずをきる To drain the water; to squeeze out liquid. Used when removing water from food or objects.
252. 乱れる みだれる To be disordered; to be disarranged; to be in disarray. Describes a state of disruption or loss of regularity.
253. 見つめる みつめる To stare at; to gaze at intently; to fix one's eyes on. Implies focused, sustained looking.
254. 見なす みなす To regard as; to consider to be; to deem. Used to treat something as if it were a certain way, often in formal or legal contexts.
255. 耳に挟む みみにはさむ To happen to hear; to overhear. Implies catching information casually or incidentally, not through deliberate listening.
256. 見渡す みわたす To look out over; to survey a scene; to take in a wide view. Implies scanning a broad area with one's eyes.
257. 報いる むくいる To reward; to repay; to recompense. Used for returning something — positive or negative — in response to what one has received.
258. 胸を撫で下ろす むねをなでおろす To feel relieved; to breathe a sigh of relief. Describes the physical and emotional sensation of relief after anxiety.
259. 目が霞む めがかすむ To get blurry vision; to have dim eyesight. Describes vision becoming hazy or unclear.
260. 目に余る めにあまる To be intolerable; to be more than one can overlook; to be unpardonable. Expresses that something has gone beyond acceptable limits.
261. 目に留まる めにとまる To catch one's attention; to catch one's eye. Describes something that naturally draws notice.
262. 目の色を変える めのいろをかえる To become frantic; to become desperate; to have one's eyes light up with intensity. Describes a sudden shift in attitude or emotional state.
263. 目を奪う めをうばう To captivate; to dazzle; to hold one's gaze. Describes something so stunning it seizes the viewer's attention.
264. 儲ける もうける To profit; to earn; to make money. Focuses on gaining financial benefit from business or transactions.
265. 申し出る もうしでる To offer; to propose; to put forward a suggestion or request. A polite way to express volunteering or making a formal proposal.
266. 藻掻く もがく To struggle; to writhe; to squirm. Describes desperate physical or emotional flailing.
267. 縺れる もつれる To get tangled; to become entangled; to get knotted up. Used for threads, hair, or figuratively for relationships and situations.
268. やきもちを焼く やきもちをやく To be jealous; to feel jealousy. Specifically about romantic or personal jealousy, not envy of possessions.
269. 養う やしなう To support; to maintain; to provide for. Used for financially supporting dependants or cultivating abilities.
270. 敗れる やぶれる To be defeated; to lose. Used in competition, battle, or any contest where one side is beaten.
271. 和らぐ やわらぐ To soften; to calm down; to be eased; to subside. Describes tension, pain, or intensity gradually decreasing.
272. 和らげる やわらげる To soften; to moderate; to relieve. The transitive counterpart of 和らぐ — to actively make something less intense.
273. 歪む ゆがむ To warp; to bend; to become distorted. Describes something losing its proper shape or form.
274. 歪める ゆがめる To bend; to distort; to warp; to disfigure. The transitive counterpart of 歪む — to actively cause distortion.
275. 揺さぶる ゆさぶる To shake; to jolt; to rock; to sway. Implies vigorous, repeated shaking of something or someone.
276. 委ねる ゆだねる To entrust; to leave a matter to someone else. Implies handing over responsibility or decision-making authority.
277. 揺らぐ ゆらぐ To sway; to waver; to shake; to tremble. Describes something unsteady or flickering, either physically or emotionally.
278. 寄越す よこす To send; to forward; to hand over to the speaker. Implies the direction of movement is toward the speaker.
279. 理にかなう りにかなう To make sense; to be reasonable; to be logical. Describes something that accords with reason or logic.
280. 賄賂 わいろ A bribe; illicit payment made to influence someone in a position of authority. Strongly negative connotation.
281. 別れを惜しむ わかれをおしむ To be reluctant to part; to loathe to say goodbye. Expresses the sadness of having to leave someone or something behind.
282. 弁える わきまえる To discern; to distinguish right from wrong; to know one's place. Implies possessing good judgement and propriety.
283. 戦慄く わななく To tremble; to shiver; to shake with fear or cold. Describes involuntary physical shaking.
284. 喚く わめく To shout; to yell; to scream; to clamour. Implies loud, uncontrolled, often annoying vocalisation.
285. 該当する がいとうする To correspond to; to fall under; to apply to. Used when something matches criteria or fits a category.
286. 凝視する ぎょうしする To stare at; to gaze intently; to fix one's eyes on. Implies focused, sustained looking without blinking.
287. 君臨する くんりんする To reign; to rule; to hold sovereign power. Describes exercising supreme authority over a domain.
288. 仕返しする しかえしする To take revenge; to retaliate; to get back at someone. Implies a deliberate act of payback.
289. 遮断する しゃだんする To cut off; to block; to intercept; to shut out. Describes completely stopping the flow or passage of something.
290. 推進する すいしんする To promote; to propel; to drive forward. Used for actively advancing projects, policies, or initiatives.
291. 遂行する すいこうする To carry out; to execute; to accomplish. Refers to completing a task, mission, or duty from start to finish.
292. 相当する そうとうする To correspond to; to be equivalent to; to amount to. Indicates that something matches or equals another in value or degree.
293. 促進する そくしんする To promote; to accelerate; to facilitate. Implies actively speeding up a process or encouraging progress.
294. 適合する てきごうする To conform to; to be suited to; to fit; to comply with. Indicates meeting requirements or standards.
295. 統治する とうちする To govern; to rule; to reign over. Refers to the political control and administration of a territory or people.
296. 統率する とうそつする To lead; to command; to head a group. Implies exercising leadership over people in an organised manner.
297. 発覚する はっかくする To be discovered; to come to light; to be found out. Used when something hidden or secret is exposed.
298. 匹敵する ひってきする To be a match for; to rival; to be comparable to. Indicates something is equal in quality, strength, or value.
299. 履行する りこうする To fulfil; to carry out; to perform a duty or obligation. Refers to completing what was promised or required.
300. 凌駕する りょうがする To surpass; to outdo; to eclipse. Indicates exceeding someone or something in ability, quality, or achievement.
301. 露わになる あらわになる To become exposed; to come to light; to be laid bare. Used when something hidden or concealed is revealed.
302. 露呈する ろていする To be exposed; to come to the surface; to be revealed publicly. Often used for flaws, problems, or weaknesses that become apparent.