Time, Change & Relationships

概要

この章では「Time, Change & Relationships」というテーマにまとまって出てくる基本語彙を学びます。単語をばらばらに覚えるのではなく、場面といっしょに定着させるための構成です。

このまとまりを身につけると、その話題について話すときの語彙が増え、読むときも聞くときも反応しやすくなります。

テーマ

この章のJLPT N2 Vocabulary (58)

1. 間柄 あいだがら Relationship; relation between people. The nature of the connection or terms between two parties.
2. 悪化 あっか Deterioration; worsening. The process of becoming worse in quality, condition, or severity.
3. あっという間 あっというま In an instant; in the blink of an eye; before you know it. Expresses how quickly time passes.
4. 移行 いこう Transition; shift; migration. Moving from one state, system, or phase to another.
5. 沿革 えんかく History; historical development. The chronological account of how something has evolved over time.
6. お世辞 おせじ Flattery; compliment. Polite or insincere praise said to please someone.
7. 加速 かそく Acceleration; speeding up. The process of increasing speed or pace.
8. かねて かねて Previously; for some time; beforehand. Indicates something has been the case since before the present moment.
9. かねてより かねてより Previously; already; for some time. A formal expression indicating something has been ongoing since before now.
10. 還暦 かんれき Kanreki; 60th birthday celebration. The milestone marking a full cycle of the sexagenary calendar.
11. 急騰 きゅうとう Sudden rise; sharp increase; surge. A rapid and dramatic increase, especially in prices.
12. 近世 きんせい Early modern period; recent past in historical terms. In Japanese history, roughly the Edo period (1603–1868).
13. 句点 くてん Full stop; period. The punctuation mark used to end a sentence in Japanese writing.
14. 経歴 けいれき Personal history; career background; professional record. A summary of one's work and life experiences.
15. 下落 げらく Decline; fall; drop; depreciation. A decrease in value, price, or level.
16. 拘束時間 こうそくじかん Total working hours; time bound to work. The total period during which an employee is required to be at their workplace.
17. 後退 こうたい Retreat; regression; decline. Moving backwards physically or figuratively losing progress.
18. 歳月 さいげつ Time; years; the passage of time. A literary expression for the months and years that go by.
19. 先行き さきゆき The future; future prospects; outlook. What lies ahead, especially regarding outcomes or conditions.
20. 時間を置く じかんをおく To leave some time; to take a moment; to let time pass. To wait or put a time interval between actions.
21. 時差 じさ Time difference. The difference in time between two locations in different time zones.
22. 時差ぼけ じさぼけ Jet lag. The feeling of fatigue and disorientation caused by travelling across time zones.
23. 若年層 じゃくねんそう Young people; younger generation; youth demographic. The younger segment of the population.
24. 瞬時 しゅんじ Instant; moment; split second. An extremely brief period of time.
25. 常勤 じょうきん Full-time employment; full-time work. Working at a set schedule on a regular, ongoing basis.
26. 進呈する しんていする To present; to give as a gift. A formal expression used when offering something to someone of higher status.
27. 進展 しんてん Progress; development. Used to describe meaningful forward movement or advancement in situations, negotiations, or projects.
28. 推移 すいい Transition; shift; change over time. Describes how something changes or develops gradually across a period.
29. 漸進的 ぜんしんてき Gradual; progressive. Describes something that advances slowly and steadily rather than all at once.
30. 前途 ぜんと Future; prospects; outlook. Refers to the path or prospects that lie ahead for a person or situation.
31. 贈呈する ぞうていする To present; to bestow. A formal expression for ceremonially giving a gift, award, or token of appreciation.
32. 代弁 だいべん Speaking on behalf of someone; representing another person's views, feelings, or position.
33. 段階的 だんかいてき Incremental; step-by-step; gradual. Describes something done in well-defined stages or phases.
34. 短期間 たんきかん Short period; short term. Refers to a brief span of time for events, projects, or situations.
35. 着信履歴 ちゃくしんりれき Incoming call history; log of incoming calls. A record of received phone calls on a device.
36. 長期間 ちょうきかん Long period of time. Refers to an extended span of time for situations, stays, or processes.
37. ツキを呼ぶ つきをよぶ To attract good luck; to bring fortune. An idiomatic expression about inviting luck into one's life.
38. 定期刊行物 ていきかんこうぶつ Periodical; publication issued at regular intervals. Includes magazines, journals, and newsletters.
39. 定時 ていじ Fixed time; regular time; scheduled time. Often refers specifically to the official end of the workday.
40. 停滞 ていたい Stagnation; standstill; delay. A state where progress has stopped or slowed significantly.
41. 定年 ていねん Retirement age; compulsory retirement age. The age at which employees are required or expected to retire from a company.
42. 転換 てんかん Conversion; switchover; changeover. A significant shift or change in direction, policy, or method.
43. 突発 とっぱつ Sudden outbreak; unexpected occurrence. Something that happens abruptly without warning.
44. 人間味 にんげんみ Human warmth; human touch; human kindness. The quality of being genuinely warm, empathetic, and relatable.
45. 年齢層 ねんれいそう Age group; age range; age bracket. A demographic category based on age.
46. 日陰 ひかげ Shade; shadow. A place not exposed to direct sunlight.
47. 非常勤 ひじょうきん Part-time work; non-regular employment. A work arrangement that is not full-time or permanent.
48. 日取り ひどり Fixed date; appointed day. A specific date that has been decided or scheduled for an event.
49. 日向 ひなた Sunny place; a spot in the sun. An area that receives direct sunlight.
50. 文章をいじる ぶんしょうをいじる To tinker with a sentence; to edit or tweak text. Refers to making small changes or adjustments to written content.
51. 並行する へいこうする To do at the same time; to run in parallel. Describes carrying out multiple activities or processes simultaneously.
52. 平年 へいねん Non-leap year; a normal year with 365 days. Also used to mean an average year in weather and agriculture.
53. 変革 へんかく Transformation; reform; revolution. A fundamental change in systems, structures, or ways of thinking.
54. 変遷 へんせん Transition; change over time; vicissitudes. The gradual process of transformation through successive stages.
55. 暴落 ぼうらく Crash; slump; sharp decline. A sudden and steep drop in prices, value, or market conditions.
56. 三日坊主 みっかぼうず Someone who cannot stick with anything; a quitter. A person who gives up new endeavours after only a few days.
57. 身の上 みのうえ One's circumstances; personal history; lot in life. Refers to a person's life situation, background, or fate.
58. 緩やか ゆるやか Gentle; gradual; loose; slack. Describes something relaxed, unhurried, or not tight.