反証

• 読み: はんしょう
• ローマ字: hanshō
• 漢字の分解: 反 (han/so-) — counter, against; 証 (shō/akashi) — evidence, proof, certificate
• 発音: /ha.ɴ.ɕoː/

意味

Counter-evidence; disproof; evidence or argument that contradicts or refutes a claim, hypothesis, or proposition.

A noun (also suru-verb) central to scientific epistemology and legal discourse. The philosopher Karl Popper argued that 反証可能性 (falsifiability) is the defining criterion of a scientific hypothesis. In legal proceedings, 反証 is evidence presented to rebut the opposing side's case. Contrasted with 立証 (proof, verification). 反証主義 (falsificationism) is a key concept in philosophy of science.

例文

1. その仮説に対する反証が相次いで報告され、理論の根本的な見直しが迫られた。
2. ポパーは科学的命題は反証可能でなければならないという基準を提唱した。
3. 弁護側は検察の主張を崩す決定的な反証を法廷に提出した。

使い方ガイド

場面: science, philosophy, law, academic writing, debate

トーン: neutral

起源と歴史

Compound of 反 (han — against, counter) and 証 (shō — evidence, proof). Together they form a straightforward compound meaning 'evidence against [a claim]'.

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: Academic and professional

社会的背景: Professional