Adjectives & Evaluations

概要

この章では「Adjectives & Evaluations」というテーマにまとまって出てくる基本語彙を学びます。単語をばらばらに覚えるのではなく、場面といっしょに定着させるための構成です。

このまとまりを身につけると、その話題について話すときの語彙が増え、読むときも聞くときも反応しやすくなります。

テーマ

この章のJLPT N1 Vocabulary (299)

1. あからさま あからさま Obvious; blatant; frank; open. Describes something plainly visible or candidly expressed without disguise or pretence.
2. あくどい あくどい Unscrupulous; crafty; gaudy; garish. Describes either morally questionable cunning or visually excessive gaudiness.
3. あっけない あっけない Anticlimactic; too brief; unsatisfying. Describes something that ends or concludes far too quickly, leaving one feeling deflated.
4. あどけない あどけない Innocent; childlike; naive; artless. Describes a person or expression that is purely innocent and free from worldly experience.
5. 甘酸っぱい あまずっぱい Bittersweet; sweet and sour; nostalgic. Describes a complex experience blending sweetness with sharpness, especially the ache of cherishe...
6. 危うい あやうい Dangerous; precarious; on the verge of; barely safe. Describes a situation teetering on the edge of disaster or something that narrowly o...
7. 荒々しい あらあらしい Rough; wild; violent; fierce; rugged. Describes intensely powerful, untamed force in nature or human behaviour.
8. 粗い あらい Rough; coarse; crude; harsh. Describes texture, quality, or resolution that lacks refinement or smoothness.
9. 有り触れた ありふれた Common; ordinary; trite; run-of-the-mill. Describes something encountered so frequently that it has become unremarkable or clichéd.
10. いかがわしい いかがわしい Dubious; questionable; shady; indecent. Describes something or someone that arouses suspicion or moral unease.
11. 厳めしい いかめしい Stern; imposing; solemn; formidable. Describes a forbidding, commanding presence or appearance that inspires awe or respect.
12. 意固地 いこじ Stubborn; obstinate; pigheaded. Describes someone who refuses to change their position out of ego rather than principle.
13. 勇ましい いさましい Brave; gallant; valiant; bold; spirited. Describes courageous, heroic behaviour or a bold, vigorous appearance.
14. いじらしい いじらしい Touching; endearing; pitiable; plucky despite hardship. Describes someone whose innocent struggle is deeply moving to the observer.
15. 意地悪い いじわるい Mean; spiteful; nasty; malicious. Describes someone who deliberately causes discomfort or distress to others.
16. 痛々しい いたいたしい Pitiful; pathetic; painful to witness. Describes something so visibly distressing that the observer shares in the suffering.
17. いとおしい いとおしい Dear; precious; lovable; tenderly beloved. Describes an intense, aching tenderness for someone cherished.
18. いぶかしい いぶかしい Suspicious; dubious; puzzling; questionable. Describes a feeling of unease or doubt about something that does not add up.
19. 忌まわしい いまわしい Detestable; abominable; ominous; repulsive. Describes something deeply abhorrent, cursed, or associated with shame and ill fortune.
20. 色褪せた いろあせた Faded; discoloured; stale; outdated. Describes something that has lost its original vibrancy, freshness, or relevance.
21. 陰湿 いんしつ Insidious; underhanded; malicious; persistently harmful. Describes behaviour that operates covertly and is difficult to confront directly.
22. 初々しい ういういしい Fresh; innocent; youthful; naive. Describes someone or something radiating the charm of first experience and unspoiled newness.
23. 胡散臭い うさんくさい Suspicious; shady; dubious; fishy. Describes an instinctive, gut-level distrust of a person, situation, or claim.
24. 薄汚い うすきたない Grimy; grubby; squalid; shabby. Describes something mildly but pervasively dirty or unkempt in a way that is off-putting.
25. 薄気味悪い うすきみわるい Creepy; eerie; unsettling; mildly disturbing. Describes a vague, ambient sense of dread that is hard to pin down.
26. 奔放 ほんぽう Free; uninhibited; unrestrained; wild. Describes someone or something that behaves freely without being bound by convention or rules.
27. 朴訥 ぼくとつ Honest; simple; unsophisticated; artless. Describes a person who is unpretentious, plain-spoken, and sincere without being eloquent.
28. 禍々しい まがまがしい Ominous; sinister; unlucky; ill-omened. Describes something that radiates evil or misfortune, inducing a sense of dread.
29. 真っ当 まっとう Proper; decent; honest; straight. Describes behaviour, methods, or people that are legitimate, upright, and socially acceptable.
30. 目映い まばゆい Dazzling; blinding; radiant; brilliant. Describes a light or beauty so intense it is almost too much to look at directly.
31. 見苦しい みぐるしい Unsightly; ugly; shameful; unbecoming. Describes an appearance or behaviour that is embarrassing or offensive to witness.
32. みっともない みっともない Shameful; unsightly; disgraceful; indecent. Describes behaviour or appearance that is embarrassing and unworthy of respect.
33. むごい むごい Cruel; brutal; merciless; terrible. Describes an act, situation, or person that is shockingly harsh or devoid of compassion.
34. むさ苦しい むさくるしい Dirty-looking; squalid; slovenly; unkempt. Describes a person or place that is messy, unwashed, and visually unpleasant.
35. むずがゆい むずがゆい Itchy; ticklish; fidgety; restless. Describes an uncomfortable sensation — either physical itching or psychological restlessness that is ...
36. 無造作 むぞうさ Careless; casual; nonchalant; offhand. Describes doing something without fuss, deliberation, or effort — sometimes admirably effortless, ...
37. 無謀 むぼう Reckless; rash; foolhardy; imprudent. Describes acting without adequate forethought, often in the face of obvious danger or impossibility.
38. 目敏い めざとい Sharp-eyed; keen-eyed; quick to notice. Describes someone who spots things quickly and misses nothing, especially good deals, opportuniti...
39. 目障り めざわり Eyesore; unpleasant to look at; offensive to the eye. Describes something visually jarring or bothersome that one wishes were not in sight.
40. めでたい めでたい Auspicious; happy; joyous; celebratory. Also used ironically to mean naive or simple-minded.
41. 目ぼしい めぼしい Noteworthy; outstanding; promising; likely. Describes something that catches the eye as being of particular value or interest.
42. 目まぐるしい めまぐるしい Dizzying; bewildering; hectic; rapidly changing. Describes a pace or sequence of events so fast that one can barely keep up.
43. めんどい めんどい Bothersome; tedious; annoying; a pain. Informal contraction expressing that something requires more effort than one wants to give.
44. 毛頭ない もうとうない Not in the least; not at all; absolutely not. An emphatic negation expressing that something is entirely absent or not the case.
45. もったいない もったいない Wasteful; too good to waste; more than one deserves; a shame to throw away. Expresses regret at waste or the sense that something preciou...
46. もっともらしい もっともらしい Plausible; specious; seemingly reasonable; having the appearance of being correct.
47. もどかしい もどかしい Frustrating; tantalising; impatient; irritating. Describes the feeling of being held back or unable to act as quickly or freely as one wi...
48. 物腰柔らか ものごしやわらか Soft-mannered; gentle in demeanour; gracious; mild in bearing. Describes someone whose manner and way of carrying themselves is calm, gen...
49. 物寂しい ものさびしい Lonely; forlorn; desolate; melancholy. Describes a quiet, lingering sadness often evoked by emptiness, solitude, or the passage of time.
50. 物足りない ものたりない Unsatisfying; inadequate; not enough; lacking something. Describes the feeling that something falls short of expectation or leaves one wa...
51. 薄暗い うすぐらい Dim; dusky; gloomy; murky. Describes lighting that is faint or insufficient, often creating an eerie or melancholy atmosphere.
52. うっかりした うっかりした Careless; absent-minded; inadvertent. Describes a lapse in attention or a mistake made through inattention rather than malice.
53. 鬱蒼 うっそう Dense; thick; overgrown; luxuriant. Describes vegetation that has grown so thickly it blocks light or creates a sense of enclosure.
54. 鬱陶しい うっとうしい Gloomy; depressing; annoying; oppressively bothersome. Used for weather, situations, or people that weigh on the spirit.
55. 鬱々しい うつうつしい Gloomy; depressed; melancholy; dismal. Describes a deep, lingering state of low spirits or a persistently oppressive mood.
56. 疎い うとい Ignorant of; unfamiliar with; out of touch with. Describes a lack of knowledge or connection in a particular domain.
57. うやうやしい うやうやしい Respectful; reverential; deferential. Describes an exaggeratedly humble or formal manner of address or behaviour.
58. うら寂しい うらさびしい Forlorn; faintly lonely; quietly desolate. Describes a gentle, understated sadness tied to emptiness or solitude.
59. 浮ついた うわついた Frivolous; flighty; superficial; giddy. Describes a person or attitude that lacks substance or seriousness.
60. うんざりした うんざりした Fed up; sick and tired; thoroughly disgusted. Describes a state of exhausted exasperation with something repeated or prolonged.
61. えげつない えげつない Dirty; unfair; ruthless; vulgar. Describes behaviour, language, or tactics that are shockingly unscrupulous or crude.
62. 大袈裟 おおげさ Exaggerated; overdone; bombastic; grandiose. Describes a reaction, claim, or expression that is blown out of proportion.
63. 雄々しい おおしい Brave; heroic; manly; bold. Describes a dignified, courageous bearing or spirit that commands respect.
64. 奥深い おくぶかい Profound; deep; meaningful; recondite. Describes something that rewards deeper engagement and resists full comprehension.
65. 奥ゆかしい おくゆかしい Refined; tastefully modest; gracefully reticent. Describes a cultivated restraint that reveals good breeding without ostentation.
66. おこがましい おこがましい Presumptuous; audacious; impudent. Describes overstepping one's station or speaking beyond one's qualifications.
67. 惜しい おしい Regrettable; a near miss; too good to waste. Used when something falls just short of success or when something valuable is lost.
68. おぞましい おぞましい Disgusting; repulsive; abhorrent; ghastly. Describes something that provokes deep revulsion or moral horror.
69. おっとりした おっとりした Calm; composed; easygoing; gently unhurried. Describes a placid, unflappable temperament that moves at its own pace.
70. おどおどした おどおどした Timid; nervous; fidgety; ill at ease. Describes visibly anxious, skittish behaviour born of fear or lack of confidence.
71. おどろおどろしい おどろおどろしい Eerie; gruesome; ghastly; hair-raising. Describes something that evokes dread or horror through its ominous, uncanny quality.
72. おぼつかない おぼつかない Uncertain; unsteady; unreliable; doubtful. Describes something that inspires little confidence because of its wavering, shaky quality.
73. 覚束ない おぼつかない Doubtful; uncertain; unreliable; shaky. The kanji-written form of おぼつかない, emphasising dubious reliability or precarious footing.
74. 思い切った おもいきった Bold; daring; drastic; decisive. Describes an action or decision that goes further than expected or requires significant courage.
75. 重々しい おもおもしい Grave; solemn; dignified; ponderous. Describes a bearing, tone, or atmosphere of weighty seriousness and authority.
76. 物々しい ものものしい Imposing; grand; exaggerated; ominous. Describes an atmosphere or display that feels unnecessarily grand, menacing, or overdone.
77. 悶々 もんもん Anguished; tormented; troubled; agitated. Describes an inner state of painful, unresolved distress.
78. やかましい やかましい Noisy; loud; strict; fussy; particular. Applies to both physical noise and to people who are excessively demanding or critical.
79. 厄介 やっかい Troublesome; burdensome; annoying; difficult. Describes people, situations, or tasks that cause unnecessary difficulty or impose on others.
80. 野暮 やぼ Boorish; unrefined; tactless; gauche. Describes someone who lacks social grace, wit, or aesthetic sensibility.
81. やましい やましい Guilty; having a guilty conscience; shady. Describes a feeling of inner unease caused by doing something one knows to be wrong.
82. やり手 やりて Go-getter; capable person; shrewd operator. Refers to someone who is exceptionally skilled, driven, and effective at achieving results.
83. やるせない やるせない Helpless; miserable; wretched; disconsolate. Describes an overwhelming feeling of resignation and sorrow when nothing can be done to chan...
84. 由緒ある ゆいしょある Historic; venerable; of distinguished lineage. Describes something that carries a long, respected, or illustrious history.
85. 有能 ゆうのう Capable; competent; talented; able. Describes a person who possesses the skills and ability to perform their role well.
86. 優美 ゆうび Elegant; graceful; beautiful; exquisite. Describes beauty characterised by refined grace and aesthetic sensitivity.
87. 床しい ゆかしい Refined; graceful; attractive; yearning to see or know. Describes something that evokes deep aesthetic appreciation or nostalgic longing.
88. 容赦ない ようしゃない Merciless; relentless; unforgiving. Describes something that shows no leniency or compassion.
89. 幼稚 ようち Childish; infantile; immature; naive. Describes behaviour, thinking, or expression that is underdeveloped or inappropriate for one's age.
90. よそよそしい よそよそしい Distant; cold; aloof; standoffish. Describes behaviour that maintains an awkward, deliberate distance — as if treating a familiar person ...
91. 喜ばしい よろこばしい Delightful; joyful; auspicious. Describes something that warrants heartfelt celebration or is a cause for genuine rejoicing.
92. よろしくない よろしくない Not good; improper; unacceptable; inadvisable. A polite but firm way of saying that something is inappropriate or should not be done.
93. 理不尽 りふじん Unreasonable; irrational; absurd; unjust. Describes situations or demands that violate logic, fairness, or basic decency.
94. 凛々しい りりしい Dignified; gallant; imposing; valiant. Describes a bearing or appearance that radiates composed courage and nobility.
95. 怜悧 れいり Clever; sharp; intelligent; astute. Describes an acute, perceptive intelligence that quickly grasps complex situations.
96. 歴然 れきぜん Clear; obvious; evident; unmistakable. Describes something so plainly visible or apparent that no reasonable doubt remains.
97. 廉価 れんか Low-priced; inexpensive; cheap. Describes goods or services offered at a reduced or modest price.
98. 若々しい わかわかしい Youthful; young-looking; fresh; vibrant. Describes someone or something that radiates the energy and vitality of youth, regardless of age.
99. 侘しい わびしい Lonely; desolate; dreary; wretched. Describes a profound, aching loneliness or desolation — a feeling of bleak isolation.
100. わびしい わびしい Lonely; dreary; wretched; miserable. The everyday hiragana form expressing a bleak, downcast feeling of loneliness or desolation.
101. 重苦しい おもくるしい Oppressive; heavy and gloomy; stifling. Describes an atmosphere, mood, or feeling that weighs one down with dark, suffocating heaviness.
102. 甲斐ある かいある Worthwhile; rewarding; meaningful. Describes an effort or action that produces satisfying, tangible results justifying the hardship endured.
103. 快活 かいかつ Cheerful; lively; vivacious; spirited. Describes a bright, energetic personality or demeanour that enlivens social settings.
104. 甲斐甲斐しい かいがいしい Diligent and devoted; industrious in caring for others; assiduous. Describes someone who works earnestly and selflessly for another perso...
105. 果敢 かかん Bold; daring; courageous; resolute. Describes decisive, fearless action carried through without hesitation in the face of difficulty or d...
106. 限りない かぎりない Limitless; endless; boundless; infinite. Describes something that has no discernible end or boundary, often used in emotional and poetic ...
107. 角張った かくばった Angular; square; stiff; overly formal. Describes shapes with sharp corners, or a manner and speech that is needlessly rigid and lacks war...
108. 過酷 かこく Severe; harsh; cruel; rigorous. Describes conditions, treatment, or circumstances that are extremely demanding, merciless, or beyond what...
109. かすか かすか Faint; slight; dim; vague; subtle. Describes something barely perceptible — a sound, light, smell, or memory on the very threshold of awa...
110. 頑な かたくな Obstinate; stubborn; unyielding; inflexible. Describes a mindset or attitude that is rigidly fixed and resistant to persuasion or change.
111. かたじけない かたじけない Deeply grateful; profoundly obliged; unworthy of another's kindness. An archaic expression of gratitude so intense the speaker feels humb...
112. 格好いい かっこういい Cool; attractive; stylish; impressive. Describes someone or something that looks or acts in a way that commands admiration — in appearanc...
113. 可憐 かれん Lovely; sweet; innocent; endearingly fragile. Describes a person or thing that is charming precisely because of its delicacy, evoking bot...
114. 可憐な かれんな Lovely yet pitiful; touchingly innocent; sweet and vulnerable. Emphasises the aspect of gentle sorrow and fragility that makes something ...
115. 渇いた かわいた Dry; parched; thirsty. Describes a state of intense dryness or thirst — physical or metaphorical — where moisture or fulfilment is urgent...
116. 甲高い かんだかい Shrill; high-pitched; piercing. Describes a voice or sound that is notably high and sharp — often to an attention-grabbing or grating deg...
117. かんばしい かんばしい Fragrant; sweet-smelling; favourable; auspicious. In the positive sense, describes a pleasant aroma; in the figurative (often negative) s...
118. 気丈 きじょう Brave; stout-hearted; strong-willed; mentally resilient. Describes someone who faces hardship with quiet inner strength and composed dign...
119. 奇怪 きっかい Strange; bizarre; mysterious; grotesque. Describes something deeply unsettling or incomprehensibly odd, beyond mere strangeness into the ...
120. 木で鼻を括る きではなをくくる To respond in a blunt, curt, or coldly dismissive manner. Describes someone who treats a genuine request or approach with indifferent con...
121. きな臭い きなくさい Smelling of something burning; suspicious; having the ominous whiff of danger or imminent conflict. Both literal and figurative senses ar...
122. 希薄 きはく Thin; dilute; sparse; weak; faint. Describes concentration, density, or intensity that is insufficiently strong — whether in a physical m...
123. 奇抜 きばつ Eccentric; novel; unconventional; strikingly original. Describes ideas, designs, or behaviour that are unusually creative and far outside...
124. 気まずい きまずい Awkward; uncomfortable; strained. Describes the tense, unnatural atmosphere between people when something has gone wrong or remains unres...
125. 興ざめ きょうざめ Anticlimax; mood-killer; something that abruptly deflates enthusiasm or spoils the atmosphere. Can describe both an event and the resulti...
126. 凶暴 きょうぼう Ferocious; brutal; savage; violent. Describes a dangerously aggressive nature in people, animals, or behaviour.
127. 強烈 きょうれつ Intense; strong; powerful; overwhelming. Used to describe a stimulus, impression, or force that is difficult to ignore or resist.
128. 際立った きわだった Conspicuous; striking; outstanding; remarkable. Used attributively before nouns to describe something that stands out clearly from its su...
129. 際どい きわどい Risky; borderline; close; narrow; risqué. Describes a situation or content that is right at the edge of acceptability, safety, or success.
130. ぎくしゃくした ぎくしゃくした Strained; awkward; jerky; stilted. Describes relationships, movements, or interactions that lack smoothness or naturalness.
131. ぎこちない ぎこちない Awkward; stiff; clumsy; unnatural. Describes behaviour, speech, or movement that lacks ease and fluency.
132. 口惜しい くちおしい Vexing; frustrating; mortifying. Expresses the feeling of bitter regret at a near-miss or outcome one cannot accept.
133. 口汚い くちぎたない Foul-mouthed; abusive; vulgar in speech. Describes a person or manner of speaking that uses crude, offensive, or insulting language.
134. 口さがない くちさがない Gossipy; sharp-tongued; fond of spreading malicious talk. Describes someone who talks carelessly or critically about others without restr...
135. 口幅ったい くちはばったい Presumptuous; impudent; bold in speech. Describes saying something beyond one's station or speaking with more confidence than one's posit...
136. くどい くどい Verbose; repetitive; long-winded; overly insistent; gaudy or heavy (of taste or colour). Describes excess in speech, flavour, or visual d...
137. 軽薄 けいはく Frivolous; flippant; shallow; superficial. Describes a person or attitude that lacks seriousness, depth, or sincerity.
138. 軽妙 けいみょう Light and witty; nimble; deft; elegantly clever. Describes expression, performance, or style that is both light-hearted and skillfully ex...
139. 稀有 けう Rare; uncommon; extraordinary; unique. Describes something or someone that exists only very rarely and is therefore especially valuable o...
140. 気高い けだかい Noble; lofty; sublime; dignified. Describes a person, spirit, or bearing that radiates innate dignity and moral elevation.
141. 気だるい けだるい Languid; listless; sluggish; weary. Describes a feeling of heaviness and low energy, often from fatigue, illness, or oppressive weather.
142. 健気 けなげ Admirable; brave; gallant; plucky. Describes someone — especially a child, woman, or person in a difficult situation — who faces hardship...
143. 険しい けわしい Steep; rugged; harsh; stern; grim. Describes terrain that is physically precipitous, or an expression or situation that is severe and for...
144. 顕著 けんちょ Remarkable; conspicuous; notable; striking. Describes a difference, trend, or result that is clearly and undeniably apparent.
145. 小粋 こいき Smart; stylish; chic; tasteful. Describes a person or thing that has a refined, slightly sophisticated elegance — particularly in the und...
146. 煌々とした こうこうとした Brightly lit; brilliantly glowing; resplendent. Describes light that is intense, clear, and luminous — whether from the moon, stage light...
147. 小うるさい こうるさい Nagging; fussy; fastidious; fault-finding. Describes someone who is persistently picky about minor details or constantly finding fault.
148. 小気味よい こきみよい Satisfying; pleasing; gratifying; smartly enjoyable. Describes something that gives a clean, crisp sense of satisfaction — a witty comeba...
149. 心強い こころづよい Reassuring; encouraging; heartening. Describes the feeling of confidence and security that comes from having reliable support.
150. 心憎い こころにくい Admirably clever; exquisitely well done; impressively accomplished. Describes something done with such skill that one feels almost enviou...
151. 心許ない こころもとない Unreliable; uncertain; anxious; uneasy. Describes a nagging sense of insecurity about something or someone that seems insufficient or unt...
152. 小癪 こしゃく Impudent; cheeky; annoying; saucy. Used to describe someone who acts above their station or behaves in an irritatingly presumptuous way.
153. 滑稽 こっけい Funny; comical; ridiculous; absurd. Refers to something that is laughable, either intentionally amusing or unintentionally ridiculous.
154. 殊更 ことさら Deliberately; particularly; especially; intentionally. Indicates that something is done on purpose or with special emphasis, often implyi...
155. 小憎らしい こにくらしい Annoyingly cheeky; provoking; impudent in a way that is difficult to ignore. Describes someone whose boldness or sharpness is irritating ...
156. 小回りが利く こまわりがきく Agile; manoeuvrable; flexible; nimble. Describes the ability to respond quickly and efficiently in tight or rapidly changing situations.
157. 込み入った こみいった Complicated; intricate; involved; complex. Describes a situation, problem, or relationship with many interlocking elements that make it h...
158. 剛毅 ごうき Fortitude; bravery; stout-heartedness. Refers to a firm, unyielding strength of character that does not waver in the face of hardship.
159. 惨憺 さんたん Miserable; wretched; tragic; disastrous. Describes a state of utter ruin or devastation, either physical or emotional.
160. 酸鼻 さんび Horrible; atrocious; gruesome; heart-rending. Describes a scene or situation so distressing that it affects one physically and emotionally.
161. 残忍 ざんにん Cruel; brutal; merciless; atrocious. Describes a person or act showing a complete absence of compassion, marked by deliberate harshness.
162. 執拗 しつよう Persistent; tenacious; obstinate; relentless. Describes a quality of doggedly continuing an action or attitude despite resistance or disc...
163. 忍びない しのびない Unbearable; intolerable; hard to endure. Used to express that one cannot bring oneself to do or witness something, out of compassion or s...
164. 渋い しぶい Astringent (of taste); subdued and refined (of appearance or style); reluctant; cool in an understated way.
165. しぶとい しぶとい Tenacious; persistent; stubborn; tough. Describes someone who refuses to give up or be defeated, often despite enormous odds.
166. しみったれた しみったれた Stingy; miserly; mean; tightfisted. Describes someone excessively reluctant to spend money or share resources, in a way that seems petty ...
167. 峻烈 しゅんれつ Severe; harsh; rigorous; stern. Describes a quality of sharp, uncompromising intensity — in criticism, punishment, or demands.
168. 尚早 しょうそう Premature; hasty; too early. Describes an action or decision taken before the appropriate time or conditions are in place.
169. 白々しい しらじらしい Barefaced; shameless; transparent. Describes an excuse, lie, or attitude that is so obviously insincere it is almost insulting to the lis...
170. 辛辣 しんらつ Biting; scathing; harsh; acerbic. Describes criticism or words that are sharp, cutting, and difficult to dismiss.
171. 純粋 じゅんすい Pure; genuine; unmixed; unadulterated. Describes something or someone free from impurities, ulterior motives, or complicating elements.
172. 饒舌 じょうぜつ Talkative; loquacious; garrulous; voluble. Describes a tendency to talk a great deal, often more than is necessary or welcome.
173. 崇高 すうこう Sublime; lofty; noble; exalted. Describes something elevated in moral worth, beauty, or aspiration — inspiring reverence or awe.
174. 清々しい すがすがしい Refreshing; brisk; invigorating; clean. Describes a pleasant sensation of freshness or clarity, both physical and emotional.
175. 素早い すばやい Quick; agile; nimble; swift; prompt. Describes a quality of moving or acting with impressive speed and efficiency.
176. 図々しい ずうずうしい Impudent; shameless; brazen; cheeky. Describes a person who acts without a sense of shame or social restraint, pushing forward with self-...
177. 図太い ずぶとい Bold; thick-skinned; brazen; impervious to embarrassment. Describes a person who remains unshaken by criticism, social pressure, or humil...
178. ずぶ濡れ ずぶぬれ Soaking wet; completely drenched; dripping wet. Describes a state of being saturated with water from head to toe.
179. ずるい ずるい Sly; cunning; unfair; sneaky. Describes a person or action that gains advantage through dishonest or self-serving means at others' expense.
180. 精悍 せいかん Tough; spirited; sharp-featured; keenly focused. Describes a face or bearing that conveys fierce determination, alertness, and vitality.
181. 精緻 せいち Precise; meticulous; elaborate; finely detailed. Describes work, analysis, or craftsmanship executed with exceptional care and exactitude.
182. 清廉 せいれん Upright; incorruptible; clean-handed; morally pure. Describes a person who is completely free from self-interest, bribery, or moral corru...
183. 鮮烈 せんれつ Vivid; striking; brilliant; leaving a powerful impression. Describes something so intense and clear that it burns itself indelibly into m...
184. 絶妙 ぜつみょう Exquisite; supremely skilful; perfectly timed; masterly. Describes something executed with such precision or skill that it seems almost i...
185. 荘厳 そうごん Solemn; majestic; awe-inspiring; sublime. Describes an atmosphere, structure, or moment that inspires deep reverence and awe.
186. 壮絶 そうぜつ Heroic and overwhelming; fierce; desperately intense; sublimely extreme. Describes a struggle or ordeal so extreme as to inspire awe.
187. 騒々しい そうぞうしい Noisy; boisterous; clamorous; rowdy. Describes an environment or person producing excessive, disruptive noise or commotion.
188. 聡明 そうめい Wise; intelligent; sagacious; keenly perceptive. Describes a person of exceptional intelligence combined with sound judgement and insight.
189. 壮麗 そうれい Magnificent; splendid; majestic; grandly beautiful. Describes something of imposing grandeur and beauty, typically architecture, nature, ...
190. 素知らぬ そしらぬ Feigning ignorance; pretending not to know; acting as if completely unaware. Used to describe a deliberately false show of innocence.
191. 空恐ろしい そらおそろしい Vaguely frightening; eerie; uncannily dreadful. Describes an intangible, diffuse sense of dread—a fear with no clearly identifiable source.
192. 空々しい そらぞらしい Transparently false; obviously feigned; blatantly insincere; barefaced. Describes behaviour or speech that is clearly fake despite a pret...
193. 俗っぽい ぞくっぽい Vulgar; common; lowbrow; unrefined. Describes something lacking in taste, elegance, or cultural distinction.
194. 大層 たいそう Exaggerated; grandiose; over-the-top; very great. Used sincerely to mean 'enormous/tremendous,' or ironically to suggest something is blo...
195. 怠惰 たいだ Laziness; idleness; sloth; indolence. Describes a habitual disposition toward inactivity and avoidance of effort or responsibility.
196. 卓抜 たくばつ Outstanding; pre-eminent; markedly superior. Describes a quality, skill, or person that stands out clearly and measurably above the rest.
197. 尊い たっとい Precious; sacred; noble; of inestimable value. Describes something or someone of the highest worth, dignity, or sanctity that transcends ...
198. 頼もしい たのもしい Reliable; dependable; reassuring; promising. Describes a person or situation that inspires confident trust in their ability or future per...
199. たわいない たわいない Trivial; silly; inconsequential; easily managed. Describes something of little importance or substance, or an opponent who is easily defe...
200. 端的 たんてき Frank; direct; concise; to the point. Describes communication or expression that is brief, clear, and unambiguous.
201. 妥当な だとうな Appropriate; proper; reasonable; valid. Describes something fitting, well-justified, or logically sound given the circumstances.
202. 血生臭い ちなまぐさい Bloody; smelling of blood; bloodthirsty; gory. Describes something that reeks of violence or carries the stench of carnage.
203. 血眼 ちまなこ Bloodshot eyes; a frantic or desperate state of eager, obsessive pursuit. Used to describe someone driven by intense desperation or fixat...
204. 致命的 ちめいてきな Fatal; lethal; critical; devastating. Describes a flaw, blow, or weakness severe enough to cause irreparable or total failure.
205. 忠実な ちゅうじつな Faithful; loyal; devoted; true. Describes unwavering dedication to a person, cause, principle, or original source.
206. 陳腐 ちんぷ Stale; hackneyed; trite; banal. Describes something overused, clichéd, or lacking in originality and freshness.
207. 痛快 つうかい Thrilling; exhilarating; deeply satisfying. Describes a moment or experience that delivers intense pleasure or cathartic release.
208. 通俗 つうぞく Popular; common; lowbrow; vulgar. Describes something accessible to the masses but lacking in intellectual sophistication or artistic depth.
209. 痛烈 つうれつ Bitter; scathing; sharp; severe. Describes criticism, attacks, or remarks that are intensely forceful and cutting.
210. 慎ましい つつましい Modest; humble; reserved; frugal. Describes a person or lifestyle of restrained, unassuming character that avoids extravagance.
211. つましい つましい Frugal; economical; thrifty; unpretentious. Describes someone living simply and without excess, often out of necessity or principle.
212. 艶やか つややかな Glossy; lustrous; glamorous; alluring. Describes a rich, shiny beauty or an elegant, sensual charm that draws the eye.
213. つれない つれない Cold; indifferent; heartless; unkind. Describes someone who responds with coldness or dismissiveness to another person's feelings or adva...
214. 手厚い てあつい Warm; cordial; generous; hospitable. Describes care, support, or hospitality given with great thoughtfulness and abundance.
215. 手荒い てあらい Rough; harsh; violent; crude. Describes actions or handling that are reckless, unnecessarily forceful, or brutishly direct.
216. 手堅い てがたい Solid; steady; reliable; safe; conservative. Describes an approach, method, or person that is cautious, dependable, and free from unneces...
217. 手軽 てがる Easy; simple; handy; convenient. Describes something that requires little effort, cost, or preparation to use or accomplish.
218. 手際よい てぎわよい Skilful; efficient; deft; adroit. Describes someone who handles tasks with impressive competence, speed, and precision.
219. 手応え てごたえ Response; reaction; resistance; feedback. The tangible sense of effect or result you feel when engaging with a task, person, or physical ...
220. 手ごろな てごろな Moderate; reasonable; affordable; handy. Describes something conveniently sized, priced, or suited to one's needs without being excessive.
221. 手強い てごわい Tough; formidable; hard to beat; stubborn. Describes an opponent, task, or problem that resists easy resolution and demands serious effort.
222. 手狭 てぜま Narrow; cramped; too small; confined. Describes a space that is insufficient for its intended purpose or for the number of people using it.
223. 手っ取り早い てっとりばやい Quick; easy; the most straightforward method. Describes the fastest or most efficient way to accomplish something without unnecessary steps.
224. 手ぬるい てぬるい Lenient; lax; half-hearted; lukewarm. Describes a response or measure that is insufficiently strict, decisive, or thorough.
225. 天真爛漫 てんしんらんまん Innocent; naive; artless; ingenuous. Describes a spontaneous, uninhibited cheerfulness free from pretence or social calculation.
226. てんやわんや てんやわんや Chaotic; in utter pandemonium; hectic to the point of complete disorder. Describes a state where everyone is scrambling in confusion with...
227. とてつもない とてつもない Extraordinary; outrageous; tremendous. Describes something that is far beyond normal expectations or comprehension, whether in scale, sev...
228. 途方もない とほうもない Preposterous; outrageous; wildly excessive. Describes something that is completely beyond reason or any normal measure of expectation.
229. とりとめのない とりとめのない Rambling; aimless; incoherent; disjointed. Describes speech, writing, or thought that wanders without focus or any clear conclusion.
230. 獰猛 どうもう Fierce; ferocious; savage; brutally aggressive. Describes a person or animal that is violently aggressive and untameable.
231. 毒気 どくけ Venom; malice; toxic quality. Refers to literal poison and metaphorically to a person's mean-spirited or spiteful attitude.
232. 毒々しい どくどくしい Gaudy; garish; lurid; venomous-looking. Describes something that appears poisonous, unnaturally vivid, or offensively showy in a way that...
233. 貪欲 どんよく Greedy; avaricious; voracious. Describes an excessive, insatiable desire for wealth, power, knowledge, or achievement.
234. 等閑 なおざり Negligent; perfunctory; half-hearted. Describes a careless or inattentive approach to something that deserves proper care and attention.
235. 何食わぬ顔 なにくわぬかお A feigned expression of innocence; a nonchalant face that conceals guilt or knowledge. Used when someone acts as if nothing has happened ...
236. 何気ない なにげない Casual; nonchalant; offhand; unintentional. Describes an action or remark made without apparent deliberate intent or special significance.
237. 生意気 なまいき Cheeky; impudent; cocky; presumptuous. Describes a person, especially a younger or lower-ranked one, who behaves arrogantly beyond their ...
238. 生臭い なまぐさい Fishy; smelling of raw meat or fish. Also used metaphorically to describe a Buddhist priest who indulges in worldly desires, or a situati...
239. 生々しい なまなましい Vivid; raw; graphic; disturbingly realistic. Describes something that feels uncomfortably fresh, immediate, or unprocessed — especially t...
240. 生温い なまぬるい Lukewarm; tepid; half-hearted. Describes something neither hot nor cold, and metaphorically, an attitude or response that lacks convictio...
241. 生半可 なまはんか Half-hearted; superficial; amateurish; inadequate. Describes an effort or level of knowledge that is incomplete and not taken seriously e...
242. なまめかしい なまめかしい Alluring; seductive; sensually charming. Describes a person or manner that has an irresistible, bewitching appeal, often with a hint of e...
243. 憎たらしい にくたらしい Hateful; detestable; infuriating; odious. Describes a person or behaviour that provokes intense dislike or irritation, often to an unreas...
244. 似つかわしい につかわしい Befitting; becoming; appropriate; well-suited. Describes something that fits naturally and suitably with a particular person, occasion, o...
245. 鈍い にぶい Dull; blunt; slow; obtuse. Describes a blade that is not sharp, a person who is slow to understand, senses that are weak, or movements th...
246. にべもない にべもない Blunt; curt; flat-out. Describes a response or refusal that is given without any warmth, softening, or consideration.
247. 如実 にょじつ Vividly; realistically; faithfully; true to life. Describes something depicted or revealed in a strikingly clear and undeniably accurate ...
248. ぬかりない ぬかりない Vigilant; thorough; leaving nothing to chance. Describes someone who makes no mistakes and takes care of every detail without oversight.
249. ぬるい ぬるい Lukewarm; tepid; lenient; lax. Describes water or food that is unpleasantly warm, and metaphorically, rules or people that are insufficie...
250. 寝覚めが悪い ねざめがわるい Unable to sleep with a clear conscience; haunted by guilt; troubled by a bad feeling about something one has done or failed to do.
251. 根強い ねづよい Deep-rooted; firmly established; persistent. Describes something so entrenched that it resists change or removal.
252. 粘り強い ねばりづよい Tenacious; persistent; persevering. Describes the quality of not giving up despite obstacles or repeated setbacks.
253. 根深い ねぶかい Deep-rooted; ingrained; deep-seated. Used for problems, prejudices, or conflicts that have become embedded over a long period.
254. 根も葉もない ねもはもない Groundless; baseless; unfounded. Describes a claim, rumour, or accusation that has absolutely no factual basis.
255. 念入り ねんいり Careful; meticulous; thorough; elaborate. Describes an action carried out with great attention to detail and care.
256. 能天気 のうてんき Carefree; happy-go-lucky; thoughtless. Describes someone blithely unconcerned with problems or consequences.
257. のっぴきならない のっぴきならない Unavoidable; inescapable; in a tight spot. Describes a situation from which one cannot retreat or extricate oneself.
258. のどか のどか Tranquil; calm; peaceful; idyllic. Describes a scene or atmosphere of unhurried, gentle serenity.
259. 呑気 のんき Carefree; easygoing; optimistic; nonchalant. Describes a relaxed, unhurried disposition that does not worry much.
260. 儚い はかない Fleeting; transient; ephemeral; vain. Describes something beautiful or meaningful that is destined to disappear quickly.
261. 歯がゆい はがゆい Frustrating; irritating; tantalising. Describes the feeling of watching something go wrong when you are powerless to intervene, or of bei...
262. はしたない はしたない Improper; unbecoming; indecent; vulgar. Describes behaviour or language that violates social propriety or dignity.
263. はつらつ はつらつ Lively; vigorous; vivacious; spirited. Describes someone radiating energy, vitality, and cheerful vigour.
264. 華々しい はなばなしい Brilliant; spectacular; splendid; glorious. Describes an achievement, debut, or moment of remarkable distinction and brilliance.
265. 腹黒い はらぐろい Scheming; wicked; black-hearted; malicious. Describes someone who conceals sinister or self-serving intentions beneath a pleasant exterior.
266. 腹立たしい はらだたしい Irritating; infuriating; provoking; maddening. Describes something that makes one feel deeply angry or exasperated.
267. 晴れやか はれやか Bright; radiant; cheerful; beaming. Describes a face, mood, or atmosphere that is open, clear, and joyful — like a sunny day after clouds.
268. 半端ない はんぱない Incredible; extraordinary; extreme; no joke. An emphatic colloquial expression meaning something is beyond ordinary measure — intensely so.
269. 馬鹿げた ばかげた Absurd; ridiculous; foolish; silly. Describes something that appears to be the product of stupidity or lack of judgement.
270. 馬鹿らしい ばからしい Absurd; stupid; ridiculous; not worth bothering with. Expresses the judgement that something is too foolish to take seriously.
271. ぱっとしない ぱっとしない Unremarkable; dull; mediocre; unimpressive. Describes something that fails to stand out or make an impression.
272. ひたむき ひたむき Earnest; wholehearted; single-minded; devoted. Describes total, undivided dedication to a goal or task without distraction.
273. 人懐っこい ひとなつっこい Friendly; sociable; amiable; approachable. Describes someone (or an animal) who readily warms to strangers and invites closeness.
274. ひねくれた ひねくれた Twisted; perverse; cynical; warped. Describes a personality or attitude distorted by negativity, contrary thinking, or resentment.
275. ひもじい ひもじい Hungry; starving; famished. Expresses a deep, often pitiable state of hunger, with nuances of deprivation.
276. ひょうきん ひょうきん Funny; comical; clownish. Describes a person or behaviour that is amusingly silly or light-hearted.
277. 敏感 びんかん Sensitive; responsive; susceptible. Describes heightened reaction to physical sensations, emotions, or social stimuli.
278. 風変わり ふうがわり Eccentric; unconventional; quirky. Describes something or someone noticeably different from the norm.
279. 不穏 ふおん Unsettled; ominous; disturbing. Describes a mood, situation, or atmosphere that feels threatening or unstable.
280. 不甲斐ない ふがいない Pathetic; spineless; disappointing; falling short of what is expected of oneself.
281. 不屈 ふくつ Indomitable; unyielding; refusing to be broken or defeated.
282. ふしだら ふしだら Slovenly; dissolute; loose in morals; lacking discipline or self-control.
283. 不遜 ふそん Arrogant; insolent; haughty; lacking the humility expected of one's station.
284. 不敵 ふてき Bold; fearless; dauntless; showing no fear of opponents or adversity.
285. 不憫 ふびん Pitiful; pitiable; deserving of sympathy due to unfortunate circumstances.
286. 不埒 ふらち Outrageous; lawless; scandalous; flagrantly improper or insolent.
287. 古めかしい ふるめかしい Old-fashioned; antiquated; having the feel or appearance of an earlier era.
288. 分厚い ぶあつい Thick; bulky; hefty. Describes something with considerable physical thickness or substance.
289. 不気味 ぶきみ Eerie; uncanny; creepy; producing an unsettling feeling of strangeness or hidden danger.
290. 不器用 ぶきよう Clumsy; unskilled; awkward. Lacking dexterity with hands or finesse in social and emotional situations.
291. 無骨 ぶこつ Crude; rough; rustic; lacking refinement or polish, but not necessarily in a negative way.
292. 不躾 ぶしつけ Rude; ill-mannered; impolite; failing to observe proper etiquette.
293. ぶっきらぼう ぶっきらぼう Curt; blunt; brusque; speaking or acting without warmth or social niceties.
294. 物騒 ぶっそう Dangerous; unsafe; disturbing; threatening to peace or personal safety.
295. 豊潤 ほうじゅん Rich; lush; mellow; abundantly full in flavour, scent, or natural bounty.
296. 放漫 ほうまん Lax; undisciplined; negligent; lacking proper control or restraint, especially in management or finances.
297. 程遠い ほどとおい Far from; a long way off; nowhere near. Describes a wide gap between a current state and a desired one.
298. 微笑ましい ほほえましい Heartwarming; endearing; charming in a way that brings a smile to the face.
299. ほろ苦い ほろにがい Bittersweet; slightly bitter; tinged with melancholy or wistfulness.