瘟疫

• ピンイン: wēn yì
• 漢字の分解: 瘟 = 疒 + 昷 (epidemic sickness — illness that spreads with warmth); 疫 = 疒 + 殳 (infectious disease — sickness spread by force)

意味

疫病（ペストなどの大流行する感染症）。

Historically significant in Chinese history, with numerous recorded outbreaks. In modern usage, refers broadly to major epidemic events. Used in medical, historical, and literary contexts. Carries a grave, serious connotation — more severe and archaic-sounding than 传染病.

例文

1. 中世纪欧洲曾爆发大规模瘟疫，夺去了数以百万计人的生命。
2. 政府迅速采取隔离措施，成功遏制了瘟疫的进一步蔓延。
3. 历史上每一次大规模瘟疫都深刻改变了人类社会的结构与走向。

使い方ガイド

場面: medicine, history, public health

トーン: serious

正しい言い方

• 古代一旦爆发瘟疫，往往造成大批人口死亡，整个社会陷入动荡不安。(In ancient times, an outbreak of plague often caused mass deaths and plunged entire societies into turmoil.)
• 现代医学和公共卫生体系的建立，大大降低了瘟疫对人类的威胁。(The establishment of modern medicine and public health systems has greatly reduced the threat of plagues to humanity.)

避ける言い方

• 感冒是一种小瘟疫 — for ordinary illness, use 感冒 or 小病; 瘟疫 is reserved for large-scale, life-threatening epidemic diseases, not minor ailments

起源と歴史

瘟 (epidemic sickness, pestilence) + 疫 (infectious disease)

文化的背景

時代: Ancient to modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal