微型

• ピンイン: wēi xíng
• 漢字の分解: 微 = faint, minute; 型 = 刑 (phonetic) + 土 (earth) — a mould, form, type; together: a miniature form

意味

小型／超小型

微型 functions as a productive prefix/attributive adjective that attaches to nouns to mean 'micro-' or 'miniature'. 微型企业 (micro-enterprise), 微型车 (microcar), 微型相机 (miniature camera), 微型芯片 (microchip). In economic policy, 微型企业 specifically denotes the smallest category of business entity, with its own preferential tax treatment.

例文

1. 他白手起家，创办了一家只有五名员工的微型企业，如今已颇具规模。
2. 这款微型无人机重量不到两百克，折叠后可以轻松放进上衣口袋里。
3. 政府出台了一系列专门针对微型企业的税收减免政策，以降低创业门槛。

使い方ガイド

場面: technology, business, everyday

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 这家微型咖啡馆只有十个座位，却以手冲单品豆吸引了大批忠实顾客。(This tiny café seats only ten people, yet it has attracted a loyal following with its single-origin pour-over coffee.)
• 微型摄像头的普及让安防设备变得越来越难以被察觉。(The proliferation of micro cameras has made surveillance devices increasingly difficult to spot.)

避ける言い方

• 将微型与微小混用 — 微型 is a classifier of size-category (a miniature version of a standard type); 微小 is a general adjective meaning 'very small' and cannot prefix nouns as an attributive

起源と歴史

Compound of 微 (minute, tiny) + 型 (type, model, form). Borrowed from 'micro-' in Western scientific and commercial vocabulary. First widely used in the context of miniaturised electronics in the late twentieth century.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal