畏缩

• ピンイン: wèi suō
• 漢字の分解: 畏 = 田 + 鬼 (fear); 缩 = 纟+ 宿 (shrink, contract)

意味

ひるむ／恐れて後ずさりする

Used to describe hesitant or cowardly behavior when facing challenges or authority. Distinguished from 萎缩 (physical withering or economic contraction) by its exclusively psychological sense. Often used in contrast with courage or resolve.

例文

1. 面对困难，我们不能畏缩不前。
2. 他在领导严厉的质问下明显畏缩了起来。
3. 这种畏缩的态度只会让你错失更多的机会。

使い方ガイド

場面: emotional, workplace, conversation

トーン: disapproving

正しい言い方

• 在压力面前畏缩退让，只会让对方得寸进尺，步步紧逼。(Flinching and retreating under pressure will only embolden the other side to push further.)
• 他在关键时刻畏缩了，导致这次谈判最终以失败告终。(He shrank back at a critical moment, causing the negotiation to end in failure.)

避ける言い方

• 肿瘤经治疗已经畏缩了 — use 萎缩 or 缩小 for physical shrinkage such as tumor reduction; 畏缩 refers exclusively to psychological flinching driven by fear

起源と歴史

畏 (fear, awe) + 缩 (shrink, contract) — shrinking back because of fear

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal