违背

• ピンイン: wéi bèi
• 漢字の分解: 违 = 辶 (walk) + 韦 (phonetic) — to deviate, go against; 背 = 北 (back/north) + 月 (flesh) — the back, to turn one's back on

意味

（原則・約束などに）背く、（道義的に）踏み外す

违背 implies a deliberate or serious breach of something one is morally or contractually bound by — principles, promises, laws, or natural laws. It is slightly stronger than 违反 in implying a moral or fundamental transgression. Common collocations: 违背原则 (violate principles), 违背承诺 (break a promise), 违背良心 (go against one's conscience), 违背自然规律 (go against the laws of nature).

例文

1. 这项政策明显违背了公平竞争的基本原则，受到了多方的强烈批评。
2. 他说无论遇到多大的压力，都绝不会违背当初对家人许下的承诺。
3. 盲目追求经济增长而忽视生态保护，从根本上违背了可持续发展的核心理念。

使い方ガイド

場面: ethics, law, politics, everyday

トーン: critical

正しい言い方

• 这样做明显违背了职业道德，无论结果如何都不应该被接受。(Doing this clearly goes against professional ethics — it should not be acceptable regardless of the outcome.)
• 违背良心做出的选择，迟早会让人追悔莫及。(A choice made in violation of one's conscience will sooner or later lead to bitter regret.)

避ける言い方

• 将违背与违反完全等同 — 违背 carries a stronger moral or fundamental connotation (betraying core principles/conscience); 违反 is more neutral and administrative (violating a rule or regulation)

起源と歴史

Compound of 违 (to deviate, go against — 辶 walk + 韦 phonetic) + 背 (to turn one's back on, to betray — 北 back + 月 flesh). Together: to turn away from and act contrary to something one is bound by.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal