完备

• ピンイン: wán bèi
• 漢字の分解: 完 = 宀 (roof, shelter) + 元 (primary, original) — complete under one roof; 备 = 苟 (phonetic) + 用 (use) — to prepare and provide everything needed for use

意味

完備している；網羅的で欠けがない

More formal and technical than 完整 (which emphasises wholeness/integrity) or 齐全 (which emphasises having all the necessary items). 完备 implies not just that nothing is missing, but that the structure is rigorous and well-designed. Common in legal, administrative, and academic writing. Often collocates with 体系 (system), 机制 (mechanism), and 制度 (institution).

例文

1. 该国的法律体系尚不完备，在知识产权保护方面仍存在明显漏洞。
2. 实验室的设备相当完备，足以支撑这类高精度的科学研究工作。
3. 一套完备的应急预案应当涵盖从事前防范到事后恢复的全过程。

使い方ガイド

場面: legal, academic, administrative, technical

トーン: evaluative

正しい言い方

• 这套监管机制已相当完备，能有效防止此类风险的发生。(This regulatory mechanism is now quite comprehensive and can effectively prevent such risks from arising.)
• 在正式提交方案之前，我们需要确保论证材料完备无缺。(Before formally submitting the proposal, we need to ensure that all supporting materials are complete and without gaps.)

避ける言い方

• 把完备和完美混用 (完备 = nothing is missing, fully comprehensive; 完美 = flawless, perfect — a system can be 完备 without being 完美)

起源と歴史

Compound of 完 (complete, whole) + 备 (prepared, equipped, to provide for). Together they mean 'completely provided for' — lacking nothing and fully ready. 备 carries a strong sense of systematic preparation and provision.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Educated/professional