外援

• ピンイン: wài yuán
• 漢字の分解: 外 = 夕 + 卜; 援 = 扌(hand radical) + 爰 (phonetic: to pull/extend) — to reach out a hand and help

意味

外部からの援助／助っ人（外部・外国の戦力）

Used across two main contexts: (1) Sports — foreign players or coaches imported to strengthen a domestic team (联赛外援配额 = foreign-player quota in the league); (2) Military/political — external military or economic support provided by another country. In everyday speech it can also humorously refer to calling in a friend to help with a difficult task.

例文

1. 这支球队引进了两名高水平外援，本赛季的整体实力明显得到了提升。
2. 在关键时刻能够获得可靠的外援，往往是一个组织应对危机的重要保障。
3. 他一个人搬不动那台冰箱，只好打电话叫来几个朋友充当外援。

使い方ガイド

場面: sports, military, politics, casual

トーン: matter-of-fact

正しい言い方

• 联赛规定每支球队最多可上场三名外援，以保障国内球员的出场机会。(League rules stipulate that each team can field at most three foreign players, to protect playing time for domestic players.)
• 灾区急需外援物资，多国政府已陆续宣布提供人道主义援助。(The disaster-hit areas urgently need external aid supplies, and governments of several countries have announced humanitarian assistance in succession.)

避ける言い方

• 把外援和外资混淆 (外援 = external assistance, personnel, or supplies; 外资 = foreign capital/investment — they are occasionally related but are distinct concepts)

起源と歴史

Compound of 外 (outside, external) + 援 (to assist, to reinforce, to extend help). 援 carries the image of stretching out a hand to help — 外援 means help that is extended in from the outside.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal