恶性

• ピンイン: è xìng
• 漢字の分解: 恶 = 亚 + 心 — bad/evil; 性 = 忄(heart radical) + 生 (life/birth) — the innate character arising from one's heart

意味

悪性の、悪質な（悪化しやすい）

恶性 contrasts directly with 良性 (benign). In medicine: 恶性肿瘤 (malignant tumour). In economics: 恶性竞争 (vicious competition), 恶性循环 (vicious cycle). In crime reporting: 恶性事件 (serious criminal incident). It is always attributive — it modifies a noun rather than functioning as a predicate.

例文

1. 医生告知患者肿块为恶性，建议立即进行手术切除并配合化疗。
2. 企业间的低价倾销形成了恶性竞争，最终损害了整个行业的健康发展。
3. 教育资源的不均衡与贫困之间形成了一个难以打破的恶性循环。

使い方ガイド

場面: medicine, economics, crime, social analysis

トーン: serious

正しい言い方

• 该地区恶性刑事案件的发案率近年来持续上升，引发社会各界对公共安全形势的高度关注。(The incidence of serious criminal cases in the region has continued to rise in recent years, drawing widespread concern from all sectors of society about the public safety situation.)
• 部分企业为在短期内抢占市场，不惜以低于成本的价格销售产品，由此引发了严重的行业恶性竞争局面。(Some companies, in order to seize market share in the short term, sell products at prices below cost, thereby triggering a serious situation of vicious competition in the industry.)

避ける言い方

• 他的行为很恶性 — 恶性 is an attributive adjective that modifies nouns (恶性肿瘤, 恶性循环); it does not function as a predicate; say 他的行为极其恶劣 or 他的行为带有恶意

起源と歴史

恶 (bad/malicious) + 性 (nature/character) — having a harmful or malicious innate character

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal