恶劣

• ピンイン: è liè
• 漢字の分解: 恶 = 亚 + 心 — bad/morally inferior; 劣 = 少 (few/lacking) + 力 (strength) — lacking in strength and quality, inferior

意味

恶劣（劣悪だ／極めて悪い）

恶劣 is stronger than 不好 (not good) and carries a moral or evaluative charge. Common collocations: 条件恶劣 (harsh conditions), 态度恶劣 (appalling attitude), 天气恶劣 (terrible weather), 影响恶劣 (severe negative impact). It often implies a degree of outrage or condemnation.

例文

1. 施工工人在恶劣的天气条件下坚持作业，保证了工程进度不受影响。
2. 该员工对客户的态度极其恶劣，公司已依据规定对其进行了正式处分。
3. 恶劣的生长环境并没有阻止这片荒地上野草顽强地生长。

使い方ガイド

場面: environment, behaviour, working conditions, law

トーン: critical

正しい言い方

• 调查人员在报告中指出，该企业长期在恶劣条件下强迫工人超时劳动，严重违反了劳动法律法规。(Investigators noted in the report that the enterprise had long forced workers to work excessive overtime under terrible conditions, in serious violation of labour laws and regulations.)
• 恶劣天气下仍坚守岗位的急救人员、消防队员和道路抢修工人，理应得到社会更多的关注与认可。(Emergency responders, firefighters, and road repair workers who remain at their posts in terrible weather deserve more attention and recognition from society.)

避ける言い方

• 这道菜的味道恶劣 — 恶劣 is reserved for conditions, attitudes, and behaviour in formal or objective contexts; for unpleasant food use 极差 or 难以下咽; applying 恶劣 to taste sounds stilted

起源と歴史

恶 (bad) + 劣 (inferior/poor quality) — a doubly emphatic compound describing something that is both bad and of inferior quality

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal