由衷

• Pinyin: yóu zhōng
• Desglose de hanzi: 由 = from (starting point); 衷 = 衣 + 中 (garment + middle — the innermost chest, true feelings of the heart)

Significado

de corazón; sincero; sentido

Always collocates with expressions of positive emotion: 由衷地感谢 (sincere thanks), 由衷地高兴 (genuinely delighted), 由衷地钦佩 (heartfelt admiration), 由衷的感慨 (heartfelt reflections). The implied contrast is with pro forma expressions of courtesy. More literary and formal than 真心 (genuinely/sincerely) used in informal contexts.

Ejemplos

1. 学生们在荣休典礼上由衷感谢这位改变自己人生的老师。
2. 这位老革命家由衷感慨，国家独立和人民解放来之不易。
3. 真正高明的外交家能用职业表达传递由衷立场，让人感到诚意。

Guía de uso

Contexto: diplomacy, ceremony, appreciation, rhetoric

Tono: sincere

Correcto

• 在国宴上，来访元首用汉语由衷感谢中方五十年来的支持。(At the state banquet, the visiting head of state sincerely thanked the Chinese side in Mandarin for its support over the past fifty years.)
• 他解释说，领奖时落泪不是表演，而是四年伤病后由衷的喜悦与感恩。(He explained that his tears at the awards ceremony were not a performance, but the result of genuine joy and gratitude after four years of injury.)

Incorrecto

• 我由衷地讨厌他 — 由衷 collocates almost exclusively with positive emotions: gratitude, admiration, joy, respect; using it with negative emotions like hatred sounds incongruous; for genuine negative feelings use 真心 or 打心底里

Origen e historia

由 (from — starting point) + 衷 (the heart/inmost feelings — 衣 garment + 中 middle; the innermost part of the chest, hence the heart's true feelings)

Contexto cultural

Época: Classical–Modern

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal