紊乱

• Pinyin: wěn luàn
• Desglose de hanzi: 紊 = 文 + 糸 (tangled silk threads — a pattern disrupted); 乱 = 乙 + 舌 simplified (chaos — tongue untied, disorder)

Significado

En desorden; alterado; en estado de trastorno.

Used in medical (心律紊乱 = cardiac arrhythmia, 内分泌紊乱 = endocrine disorder), psychological (思维紊乱 = disorganised thinking), and organisational contexts. More formal and severe than 乱 alone, implying deep systemic disruption rather than surface messiness.

Ejemplos

1. 长期熬夜会导致生物钟紊乱，进而影响免疫系统和整体代谢功能。
2. 公司管理层的频繁变动导致内部秩序紊乱，员工士气持续低落。
3. 她情绪紊乱了很长一段时间，直到接受专业心理咨询后才逐渐恢复平静。

Guía de uso

Contexto: medicine, management, psychology

Tono: serious

Correcto

• 他的作息时间极度紊乱，白天昏昏欲睡，夜晚却精神亢奋，已严重影响健康。(His daily schedule is in extreme disorder — drowsy during the day and over-stimulated at night — seriously affecting his health.)
• 这场突如其来的危机使整个供应链陷入紊乱，多家工厂被迫临时停产。(This sudden crisis threw the entire supply chain into disorder, forcing several factories to suspend production temporarily.)

Incorrecto

• 他的房间很紊乱 — for a physically messy room, use 凌乱 or 乱糟糟; 紊乱 implies deep systemic disorder (biological, social, psychological), not mere physical untidiness

Origen e historia

紊 (tangled threads, disordered pattern) + 乱 (chaos, disorder)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal