束缚

• Pinyin: shù fù
• Desglose de hanzi: 束 = 木 + 口 (wood + a binding wrap — to bind; a bundle); 缚 = 糹 + 尃 (thread/silk + to spread — to tie up; to bind)

Significado

Atar; coartar; restringir (ataduras, trabas).

Both literal (physical binding) and figurative (social, institutional, or psychological constraints). Very common in discussions of freedom, tradition, social norms, and creative expression. 摆脱束缚 (to break free from constraints) is a common collocation.

Ejemplos

1. 传统礼教长期束缚女性的言行、婚姻与职业选择，五四运动对此发起了批判。
2. 创业者普遍反映，繁琐的行政审批程序是制约小微企业快速成长的重要束缚，优化营商环境的核心在于将政府职能从事前管控向事后监督转型。
3. 心理学研究表明，过度的自我批评会形成一种内在的认知束缚，使个体在面临挑战时倾向于回避而非面对，从而形成恶性的习得性无助循环。

Guía de uso

Contexto: social commentary, politics, psychology, philosophy, business

Tono: critical

Correcto

• 摆脱路径依赖的束缚，需要组织在利益格局固化前主动自我颠覆。(Breaking free from the constraints of path dependence requires organizations to proactively disrupt themselves before the interest structure hardens.)
• 量子纠缠打破了经典物理对局域性的束缚，促使科学界重新思考信息与时空关系。(Quantum entanglement broke classical physics' constraint on locality, prompting scientists to rethink the relationship between information and spacetime.)

Incorrecto

• 束缚 when describing light restrictions or mild limitations — 束缚 implies strong, often oppressive constraints on freedom; for lighter restrictions use 限制 (to limit) or 约束 (to restrain); applying 束缚 to everyday rules or mild inconveniences will sound overly dramatic

Origen e historia

束 (to bind; a bundle — 木 wood + 口 a binding wrap) + 缚 (to tie up; to bind with rope — 糹 silk/thread + 尃 to spread)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal