耍赖

• Pinyin: shuǎ lài
• Desglose de hanzi: 耍 = 而 + 女 (whiskers + woman — to play; to use tricks); 赖 = 束 + 贝 (bundle + cowrie/money — to rely on; to deny a debt; to shirk)

Significado

Hacerse el listo; escaquearse; incumplir la palabra; negarse a aceptar un resultado justo.

Colloquial and strongly pejorative. Used of children who refuse to accept losing, or adults and institutions that dishonestly deny prior commitments. 不能耍赖 (you cannot wriggle out of it) is a common reproach. Journalistic usage has extended this to international relations.

Ejemplos

1. 合同调解中，甲方一再拖着不签，调解员直言这是变相耍赖，并警告再拖就起诉。
2. 裁决已出，败诉方却拒不承认，国际法学者认为这无异于在规则框架内公然耍赖。
3. 孩子在棋盘游戏里输了就掀盘拒认，这种耍赖若不及时纠正，长大后也会逃避责任。

Guía de uso

Contexto: social commentary, law, interpersonal conflict, journalism

Tono: critical

Correcto

• 平台在用户合理退款后反复换客服、重提材料，故意耍赖拖延，协会已建议处罚。(After users requested reasonable refunds, the platform repeatedly changed customer service agents and asked for the same materials again, deliberately acting in bad faith to delay; the association has recommended penalties.)
• 谈判破裂后，对方否认先前口头共识，公然耍赖，我们决定今后全程录音并留书面纪要。(After the negotiations broke down, the other party denied the earlier verbal agreement and openly acted in bad faith, so we decided all future talks must be recorded and documented in writing.)

Incorrecto

• 耍赖 in formal legal or official documents — use 拒绝履约 (refusal to perform the contract) or 违背承诺 (breach of undertaking) instead; 耍赖 is strongly colloquial and pejorative, and would be inappropriate in formal legal language, though it accurately captures the bad-faith conduct in everyday and journalistic contexts

Origen e historia

耍 (to play; to use tricks — 而 whiskers + 女 woman) + 赖 (to rely on; to deny a debt; to shirk — 束 bundle + 贝 cowrie/money)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal