估算

• Pinyin: gū suàn
• Desglose de hanzi: 估 = 人 (person) + 古 (ancient/enduring) — a person making an experienced valuation; 算 = 竹 (bamboo counting sticks) + 目 (eyes) + 廾 (two hands) — calculating with tools, hands, and eyes

Significado

Estimar; calcular aproximadamente.

估算 implies a rational, reasoned approximation — more systematic than guessing (猜测) but less precise than exact calculation (精算). Common in engineering, finance, project management, and scientific research. Often paired with 成本 (cost), 损失 (loss), 工程量 (workload), and 时间 (time). The result is understood to carry a margin of error.

Ejemplos

1. 工程师对这座桥梁的修缮费用进行了初步估算，预计需要投入约三千万元。
2. 经过仔细估算，他认为在目前的市场环境下，这笔投资的回收周期至少需要五年。
3. 灾后评估小组对受灾地区的经济损失进行了全面估算，结果令人震惊。

Guía de uso

Contexto: engineering, finance, project management, science, business

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 在提交项目申请前，团队对所需的人力资源和资金投入进行了详细估算。(Before submitting the project application, the team made detailed estimates of the required human resources and financial investment.)
• 专家估算，此次洪灾造成的直接经济损失超过十亿元。(Experts estimate that the direct economic losses caused by this flood exceed one billion yuan.)

Incorrecto

• 将'估算'用于需要精确计算的场合 — 估算 implies approximation with a margin of error; when precise calculation is required use 精算 or 计算 instead

Origen e historia

估 (to estimate; to assess value) + 算 (to calculate; to compute). Together: to calculate by estimation — a reasoned approximation.

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Educated speakers