发愁

• Pinyin: fā chóu
• Desglose de hanzi: 发 = 弓 + 殳 — to emit, produce, give rise to; 愁 = 秋 (autumn, a season traditionally associated with melancholy) + 心 (heart) — autumnal feelings in the heart, the natural arising of melancholy and worry

Significado

Preocuparse; estar agobiado; darle vueltas a un problema.

发愁 describes a lingering, gnawing anxiety — less acute than 恐惧 (fear) or 焦虑 (clinical anxiety), but more persistent than momentary worry. Standard collocation: 为...发愁 (to worry about...). Common in everyday conversation about practical concerns such as money, employment, housing, and relationships.

Ejemplos

1. 她为下个月的房租发愁了好几天，始终找不到解决资金缺口的有效办法。
2. 面对即将到来的毕业答辩，同学们都在为论文的最终修改发愁，图书馆里座无虚席。
3. 老两口最发愁的事，就是独居在外地的儿子始终不肯考虑成家的问题。

Guía de uso

Contexto: everyday, family, work, emotional

Tono: concerned

Correcto

• 他整日为公司的资金周转问题发愁，虽然表面上维持着平静的工作状态，但亲近的同事都能感受到他内心的压力与焦虑。(He worried all day about the company's cash flow problems; although he maintained a calm outward appearance at work, colleagues close to him could feel the pressure and anxiety he was carrying internally.)
• 与其坐在那里为无法控制的外部因素发愁，不如将精力集中在那些自己真正能够影响和改变的事情上，这才是应对困境的务实态度。(Rather than sitting there worrying about external factors beyond your control, it is more constructive to focus your energy on the things you can genuinely influence and change — that is the pragmatic attitude for facing adversity.)

Incorrecto

• 我很发愁 — 发愁 is a verb predicate and does not take 很 as a direct intensifier; say 我为这件事很担忧 or 我对这件事感到十分苦恼 for a natural expression of worry

Origen e historia

发 (to generate/emit/give rise to) + 愁 (sorrow/worry) — to generate or give rise to a state of worry in one's heart

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal