施工

• Pinyin: shī gōng
• Hanzi breakdown: 施 = 方 + 也 (to carry out, to bestow); 工 = 工 (work, craft, construction)

Meaning

To carry out construction work; to be under construction. The active execution of a building or engineering project.

Used for all forms of physical construction: buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels, and infrastructure. Common collocations: 施工现场 (construction site), 施工方案 (construction plan), 施工队伍 (construction team), 正在施工 (currently under construction), 施工安全 (construction safety). Often seen on road signs and barrier notices.

Examples

1. 由于地铁新线路正在沿线大规模施工，周边多条道路被临时封闭，对市区交通造成了较大影响。 Because the new subway line is under large-scale construction along the route, several nearby roads have been temporarily closed, causing major disruption to city traffic.
2. 施工方必须严格遵守安全操作规程，确保每一名工人都佩戴合格的防护装备后方可进入作业区域。 The contractor must strictly follow safety procedures to ensure every worker is wearing certified protective gear before entering the work area.
3. 这座大桥历经三年的紧张施工，终于在竣工验收后正式通车，结束了两岸居民长期绕行的困境。 After three years of intensive construction, the bridge finally opened to traffic following completion acceptance, ending the long-standing hardship of residents on both sides having to take long detours.

Usage Guide

Context: construction, engineering, urban planning, infrastructure

Tone: neutral

Do Say

• 承建单位已正式进场施工，预计整个项目将历时十八个月完成，届时将全面改善该片区的市政基础设施条件。(The contractor has officially entered the site to begin construction; the entire project is expected to take eighteen months to complete, after which it will comprehensively improve the municipal infrastructure in the area.)
• 夜间施工产生的噪声严重干扰了周边居民的正常休息，多个小区业主联名向建设主管部门提出了书面投诉。(The noise from night-time construction seriously disrupted the rest of nearby residents, and homeowners from multiple residential compounds jointly submitted a written complaint to the construction supervisory authority.)

Don't Say

• 施工 interchangeably with 建设 (construction/development) — 施工 refers specifically to the physical on-site building work, while 建设 is broader and can encompass planning, development, and institution-building

Origin & History

施 (to carry out, to apply) + 工 (work, construction)

Cultural Context

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal