适量

• 拼音: shì liàng
• 汉字拆解: 适 = 辶 + 啇 (to fit, appropriate — moving toward what suits); 量 = 日 + 一 + 里 (to measure quantity — originally depicting a vessel used to measure grain)

含义

Appropriate amount; the right quantity. An amount that is neither too much nor too little for a given purpose.

A practical, prescriptive term most commonly found in recipes, medical dosage instructions, and agricultural guidance — wherever a precise quantity cannot be fixed but must be calibrated to context. 适量 instructs the reader to add or use an amount judged to be right for the situation. Common collocations: 适量添加 (add an appropriate amount), 适量饮水 (drink an appropriate amount of water), 适量施肥 (apply fertiliser in appropriate quantities). Distinct from 适度 (moderate in degree/extent — broader and more abstract) and 适当 (appropriate, suitable — more about correctness of choice than quantity).

例句

1. 这道菜的食谱要求盐和胡椒适量加入，具体用量须厨师根据食材分量和个人口味灵活把握，无法给出精确的克数。
2. 运动营养师建议运动后适量补充蛋白质以促进肌肉修复，但摄入量若远超身体实际需求，多余部分将转化为脂肪储存。
3. 园艺专家提醒，花卉浇水须遵循适量原则，水分过少导致植物萎蔫，过多则易造成根系腐烂，两者同样危害植物的正常生长。

用法指南

语境: cooking, health, medicine, agriculture, instructions

语气: practical

正确说法

• 说明书指出，该补充剂适量服用有助于骨骼健康，但过量可能引发高钙血症。(The instructions say this supplement helps bone health when taken in moderation, but excessive use may cause hypercalcaemia.)
• 在配制发酵饮料时，糖分须适量加入，用量过少会导致发酵不充分，影响风味；用量过多则会使成品甜度过高，且可能抑制有益菌种的正常繁殖。(When preparing fermented beverages, sugar must be added in appropriate quantities: too little will result in insufficient fermentation, affecting the flavour; too much will make the finished product excessively sweet and may inhibit the normal reproduction of beneficial microbial strains.)

错误说法

• 适量 when describing a moderate degree of an action or behaviour — use 适度 (in moderation, to an appropriate degree); 适量 is specifically about calibrating the quantity or volume of a substance, not the intensity or extent of a behaviour or policy

起源与历史

适 (appropriate, fitting) + 量 (quantity, amount — 日 + 一 + 里, measuring the extent of something)

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal