司法

• 병음: sī fǎ
• 한자 분석: 司 = 口 (mouth) + 一 + 丨 — to manage, oversee; 法 = 氵(water radical) + 去 (go) — law (water symbolising impartiality)

뜻

사법; 사법 제도

A formal term central to discussions of law, governance, and civil rights. Used as a modifier in compounds such as 司法机关 (judicial organs), 司法独立 (judicial independence), and 司法改革 (judicial reform). Fundamental to Chinese legal and political discourse at all levels.

예문

1. 司法机关必须严格依法办事，不得受任何外部力量的干预。
2. 完善司法制度是建设法治社会的重要基础，需要长期持续的努力。
3. 该国的司法改革将法院体系与行政机构完全分离，以保障司法独立。

사용 가이드

맥락: law, government, formal writing

어조: neutral

올바른 표현

• 保障公民的基本权利，是司法体系履行其职能的根本出发点与落脚点。(Safeguarding citizens' fundamental rights is the essential starting point and ultimate aim of the judicial system in fulfilling its functions.)
• 面对这起跨国经济犯罪案件，两国司法部门展开了紧密的协作与情报共享。(Confronted with this transnational economic crime case, the judicial authorities of both countries engaged in close cooperation and intelligence sharing.)

피해야 할 표현

• 不要将 司法 与 执法 混淆 — 司法 refers to the judicial system and adjudication of law, while 执法 refers to law enforcement and the act of applying regulations on the ground

기원과 역사

司 (to manage, to be in charge of) + 法 (law) — to administer the law; the judicial function of the state

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal