铅

• 병음: qiān
• 한자 분석: 铅 = 钅/金 (metal radical) + 㕣 (phonetic; also relates to 沿 — along/follow) — a metal element; lead (Pb)

뜻

납(Pb)

The chemical element lead (Pb, atomic number 82). Used in batteries, radiation shielding, historical plumbing, and formerly in paint and petrol. Known for its toxicity, especially to children. 含铅 (lead-containing), 铅中毒 (lead poisoning), 铅笔 (pencil — originally made with lead, now graphite).

예문

1. 儿童长期接触含铅涂料可能导致铅中毒，影响神经系统发育，各国已相继立法禁止其在住宅中使用。
2. 核电站的辐射防护屏障大量使用铅板，利用其高密度特性有效阻隔和吸收有害射线。
3. 该地区土壤中铅含量严重超标，被认定与附近铅冶炼厂长达数十年的不规范排放密切相关。

사용 가이드

맥락: chemistry, industry, environment, health

어조: neutral

올바른 표현

• 工业生产中产生的含铅废水若未经妥善处理直接排放，将对周边水源和土壤造成难以逆转的污染损害。(Lead-containing wastewater generated in industrial production, if discharged without proper treatment, will cause irreversible pollution to surrounding water sources and soil.)
• 无铅焊料在电子制造业的广泛推广，是落实欧盟有害物质限制指令的重要举措，也是行业绿色转型的关键步骤。(The widespread promotion of lead-free solder in the electronics manufacturing industry is an important measure for implementing the EU's Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive and a key step in the industry's green transition.)

피해야 할 표현

• 铅笔里有很多铅 — modern pencils contain graphite (石墨), not lead; clarify with 铅笔芯是石墨，不含金属铅 to avoid the common misconception

기원과 역사

Pictophonetic character: 钅/金 (metal radical) + 㕣 (phonetic component) — a type of metal; lead (Pb)

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal