Business & Economics

Introduction

The business world has its own language in Japanese, and N3 introduces key terms for commerce, finance, and professional life. From 利益 (profit) to 契約 (contract), these words are indispensable for anyone working in a Japanese business environment.

Understanding this vocabulary also helps with reading business news and economic reports.

Themes

All JLPT N3 Vocabulary in This Chapter (43)

1. 企業 きぎょう Enterprise; business; company; corporation. Refers to a business entity, especially a large or established one.
2. 事業 じぎょう Business; enterprise; venture; commercial activity or operation. Refers to a business undertaking or project.
3. 業界 ぎょうかい Business world; business circles; the industry. Refers to a particular field or sector of business.
4. 市場 いちば Market; marketplace. A place where goods are bought and sold, from street markets to financial markets.
5. 商品 しょうひん Commodity; article of commerce; goods; merchandise. Items available for sale.
6. 製品 せいひん Manufactured goods; finished goods; product. Items that have been produced through a manufacturing process.
7. 品質 ひんしつ Quality of a product or service. The degree of excellence or standard of something.
8. 売り上げ うりあげ Amount sold; sales; proceeds; turnover. The total revenue generated from selling goods or services.
9. 利益 りえき Profit; gains. The financial benefit or advantage gained from business activities.
10. 損失 そんしつ Loss of assets, profit, or value. The opposite of profit in a financial context.
11. 株 かぶ Stock; share. A unit of ownership in a company, traded on stock exchanges.
12. 税金 ぜいきん Tax; duty. Money required to be paid to the government based on income, sales, or property.
13. 消費 しょうひ Consumption; expenditure; spending. The act of using up resources, goods, or money.
14. 需要 じゅよう Demand; request. The desire or need for goods and services in an economic context.
15. 広告 こうこく Advertisement; advertising. A public notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event.
16. 宣伝 せんでん Publicity; advertisement; advertising; propaganda. The act of making something widely known.
17. 営業 えいぎょう Business; trade; operations. The activity of running a business or working in sales.
18. 販売 はんばい Sale; sales; selling; marketing. The act of selling goods or services to customers.
19. 取引先 とりひきさき Customer; client; business connection; trade partner. A company or person with whom one does business.
20. 交渉 こうしょう Negotiations; bargaining; discussions; talks. The process of discussing terms to reach an agreement.
21. 提案 ていあん Proposal; proposition; suggestion. A formal plan or idea put forward for consideration.
22. 企画 きかく Planning; plan; project; arrangements. The process of devising and organizing a project or event.
23. 開発 かいはつ Development; cultivation; application. The process of creating or improving products, technology, or land.
24. 管理 かんり Control; management. The process of overseeing and directing operations, resources, or people.
25. 運営 うんえい Management; administration; operation. The act of running or operating an organization, event, or system.
26. 予算 よさん Budget; estimate of costs. Used for financial planning in both personal and business contexts.
27. 費用 ひよう Cost; expense. The money required to carry out an activity or purchase something.
28. 経費 けいひ Expenses; expenditure; business costs. Money spent in the operation of a business or organization.
29. 資金 しきん Funds; capital. Money set aside or available for a specific purpose, especially business investment.
30. 資本 しほん Capital; funds. Financial assets or resources used to generate wealth, especially in economics and business.
31. 財産 ざいさん Property; fortune; assets. The total possessions and wealth owned by a person or organization.
32. 支払い しはらい Payment. The act of paying money owed for goods, services, or debts.
33. 請求 せいきゅう Claim; demand; billing. A formal request for payment or a demand for something owed.
34. 見積もり みつもり Estimate; quotation; valuation. A calculated approximation of cost, time, or quantity.
35. 手数料 てすうりょう Fee; commission; handling charge. A charge applied for processing a transaction or providing a service.
36. 割引 わりびき Discount; reduction; rebate. A decrease in the usual price of goods or services.
37. 値下げ ねさげ Price reduction; price cut; markdown. The act of lowering the price of goods or services.
38. 商人 しょうにん Merchant; trader; shopkeeper. A person who buys and sells goods for a living.
39. 賞品 しょうひん Prize; trophy; award item. An item given as a reward for winning a contest or competition.
40. 景気 けいき Economic conditions; business climate; the state of the economy.
41. 名刺 めいし Business card; name card. A small card bearing a person's name, title, and contact information.
42. 連れ つれ Companion; company. A person who accompanies someone; a partner or group member in an outing.
43. 仲間 なかま Companion; colleague; fellow; associate. People who share a common purpose, activity, or group membership.