Adjectives & Descriptions

概要

この章では「Adjectives & Descriptions」というテーマにまとまって出てくる基本語彙を学びます。単語をばらばらに覚えるのではなく、場面といっしょに定着させるための構成です。

このまとまりを身につけると、その話題について話すときの語彙が増え、読むときも聞くときも反応しやすくなります。

テーマ

この章のJLPT N2 Vocabulary (412)

1. 相次いで あいついで One after the other; successively; in rapid succession.
2. 合間 あいま Interval; break; pause between activities. A spare moment in the midst of doing something.
3. 敢えて あえて Purposely; daringly; deliberately. Doing something despite it seeming unnecessary or counterproductive.
4. 悪質 あくしつ Malicious; vicious; underhanded. Describes something bad in nature or quality.
5. あくせく あくせく Busily; sedulously; feverishly. Fussing over things in a restless, driven manner.
6. 鮮やか あざやか Vivid; bright; brilliant; vibrant. Describes colours, skills, or impressions that are strikingly clear.
7. 悪しからず あしからず Please don't take it badly; don't get me wrong. A polite way to soften a refusal or negative statement.
8. 味気ない あじけない Dull; bland; insipid; dreary. Lacking interest, charm, or enjoyment.
9. 足元にも及ばない あしもとにもおよばない To be no match for; to not hold a candle to. Expressing that one is far inferior to another.
10. 味わい あじわい Flavour; taste; the subtle charm or character of something.
11. あたふた あたふた In a hurry; hurriedly; in a panic. Rushing about in a flustered, confused manner.
12. 後を絶たない あとをたたない Never ceasing; never ending; endless. Used for ongoing negative phenomena that continue without stopping.
13. あべこべ あべこべ Contrary; opposite; reverse; back-to-front. When things are the wrong way round.
14. 危うく あやうく Barely; narrowly; nearly. Indicating that something dangerous or undesirable was just avoided.
15. 怪しい あやしい Suspicious; dubious; questionable; shady. Also means unreliable or uncertain.
16. 予め あらかじめ Beforehand; in advance; ahead of time. Doing something as preparation before an event.
17. アルカリ性 アルカリせい Alkalinity; alkaline nature. The chemical property of being alkaline (having a pH above 7).
18. 淡い あわい Light; faint; pale; fleeting. Describes delicate colours, faint sensations, or ephemeral feelings.
19. 案の定 あんのじょう As expected; just as one thought; sure enough. Confirming that a prediction was correct.
20. いい加減 いいかげん Irresponsible; sloppy; half-hearted. Also means 'enough already' or 'moderate.'
21. 幾度となく いくどとなく On countless occasions; innumerable times; time and again.
22. いざ いざ Now; come on; well then. Used when facing a decisive moment or urging action.
23. 潔い いさぎよい Gracious; honourable; sportsmanlike. Accepting defeat or consequences with dignity.
24. 些か いささか A little; somewhat; slightly; rather. A literary way to say 'a bit.'
25. 異性 いせい The opposite sex. A person of a different gender from oneself.
26. いそいそ いそいそ Cheerfully; joyfully; eagerly. Describes someone acting with visible excitement or happy anticipation.
27. 至って いたって Very much; exceedingly; extremely. Emphasises that something is to a high degree.
28. 至る所 いたるところ Everywhere; all over; throughout. Indicates something is found in every place.
29. 一概に いちがいに Unconditionally; sweepingly; as a rule. Used to caution against overgeneralisation.
30. 著しい いちじるしい Striking; remarkable; considerable. Describes a noticeably large degree of change or difference.
31. 一様 いちよう Uniform; equal; even; identical. Describes things being the same without variation.
32. 一律 いちりつ Uniform; even; across-the-board; equal. Applied without exception or distinction.
33. 一連 いちれん A series; a chain; a sequence. Refers to a connected set of events or actions.
34. 一挙に いっきょに At a stroke; with a single swoop; all at once. Describes accomplishing something in one decisive action.
35. 一心 いっしん One mind; wholeheartedness; single-minded devotion. Total concentration on one thing.
36. 一斉 いっせい Simultaneous; all at once; in concert. Describes many things happening at the same time.
37. 一斉に いっせいに Simultaneously; all at once; in unison. The adverbial form emphasising synchronised action.
38. 一手に いってに Single-handedly; alone. Taking on something entirely by oneself.
39. 意図的 いとてき Intentional; deliberate; on purpose. Done with a specific aim in mind.
40. 違法 いほう Illegal; illicit; unlawful. Contrary to established law.
41. 今更 いまさら Now (when it is already too late); at this stage; at this point. Implies the timing is inappropriate.
42. 卑しい いやしい Lowborn; humble; lowly. Also: greedy, vulgar, or base in character.
43. 嫌味 いやみ Sarcasm; snide remark; nastiness. Also: disagreeableness or unpleasantness of manner.
44. 嫌らしい いやらしい Unpleasant; disagreeable; nasty. Also carries connotations of being lewd or indecent.
45. 陰気 いんき Gloomy; dismal; melancholy. Describes a dark, depressing atmosphere or temperament.
46. 疑わしい うたがわしい Doubtful; questionable; suspicious. Something that invites scepticism or distrust.
47. エリート エリート Elite; a person of superior ability or status. Often refers to top graduates or high-achieving professionals.
48. 円滑 えんかつ Smooth; harmonious; without friction. Describes processes or relationships running well.
49. 沿線 えんせん Along a railway line or bus route. The areas and places located beside a transit line.
50. 円満 えんまん Harmonious; peaceful; amicable; smooth. Describes relationships or situations free from conflict.
51. 横柄 おうへい Arrogant; haughty; insolent. Describes an overbearing attitude toward others.
52. 大方 おおかた Large part; greater part; majority. Also used adverbially to mean 'mostly' or 'probably'.
53. 大手 おおて Major company; big company; large-scale enterprise. Also refers to the main gate of a castle.
54. 大まか おおまか Rough; broad; general; approximate. Describes something done without fine detail.
55. 概ね おおむね In general; generally; mostly; roughly; largely; on the whole. Indicates approximate completeness.
56. おおよそ おおよそ About; roughly; approximately. Used to give an estimate or general idea of quantity, time, or degree.
57. おおらか おおらか Placid; composed; serene; calm; generous in spirit. Describes someone with a relaxed, broad-minded nature.
58. 臆病 おくびょう Cowardly; timid; easily frightened. Describes someone who lacks courage or is overly fearful.
59. 厳か おごそか Solemn; austere; dignified; majestic; stately. Describes an atmosphere of gravity and reverence.
60. 追って おって Later on; shortly; presently; in due course. Indicates that something will follow at a later time.
61. 夥しい おびただしい Innumerable; vast; immense; enormous in number or quantity. Emphasises an overwhelming amount.
62. 折り返し おりかえし By return; without delay; right back. Used especially for returning calls, emails, or replies promptly.
63. 疎か おろそか Negligent; neglectful; careless; remiss. Describes failing to give proper attention to something.
64. 温厚 おんこう Gentle; mild-mannered; warm and generous in character. Describes a person of steady, kind temperament.
65. 外来 がいらい Foreign; imported; from outside. Also refers to outpatient care at a hospital.
66. 下記 かき The following; what is written below. Used to refer readers to information that appears later in the text.
67. 各種 かくしゅ Every kind; all sorts; various types. Used to indicate a wide range of categories or varieties.
68. 傍ら かたわら Side; beside; nearby. Also means 'while doing something else' when used with verbs.
69. 勝ち気 かちき Determined; spirited; competitive; strong-willed. Describes someone who refuses to lose or yield.
70. 画期的 かっきてき Ground-breaking; revolutionary; epoch-making; unprecedented. Describes something that marks a major turning point.
71. がっくり がっくり Heartbroken; crestfallen; dejected. Describes the feeling of sudden disappointment or loss of energy.
72. 確固 かっこ Firm; unshakeable; resolute; steadfast. Describes something that cannot be moved or changed.
73. かねがね かねがね For some time now; since long ago; already; as one has always said or felt.
74. 過労 かろう Overwork; strain; exhaustion from excessive work. A serious social issue in Japan.
75. 代わる代わる かわるがわる Alternately; by turns; one after another. Describes people or things taking turns in succession.
76. 頑丈 がんじょう Solid; sturdy; strong; stout. Describes something physically tough and durable.
77. 肝心 かんじん Essential; crucial; vital; the most important point of something.
78. 寛大 かんだい Tolerant; generous; lenient; broad-minded. Having a magnanimous disposition.
79. 寛容 かんよう Tolerance; open-mindedness; forbearance. The quality of accepting differences without hostility.
80. 元来 がんらい Originally; essentially; by nature. Indicates something is true from the very beginning or by inherent nature.
81. 気が置けない きがおけない Easy to get along with; feeling at ease around someone. No need for formality or reserve.
82. 気さく きさく Friendly; approachable; frank; easygoing. Describes someone open and sociable in manner.
83. 偽造 ぎぞう Forgery; counterfeiting; fabrication. The act of creating a fraudulent imitation.
84. 几帳面 きちょうめん Methodical; meticulous; precise; punctual. Describes someone who is very careful and orderly.
85. 危篤 きとく Critical condition; being on the verge of death. A grave medical state with little hope of recovery.
86. 気まま きまま Willful; selfish; doing as one pleases. Acting on one's own whims without considering others.
87. きまりが悪い きまりがわるい Embarrassed; ashamed; feeling awkward. A sense of social discomfort or sheepishness.
88. 気味が悪い きみがわるい Creepy; eerie; unsettling. A feeling of unease caused by something strange or frightening.
89. 虐待 ぎゃくたい Abuse; maltreatment; cruelty. Deliberately causing suffering to those who are vulnerable.
90. 急遽 きゅうきょ Hurriedly; in a rush; at short notice. Doing something suddenly because of unexpected circumstances.
91. 窮屈 きゅうくつ Tight; cramped; narrow. Also describes a stiff, uncomfortable social atmosphere.
92. 救命 きゅうめい Lifesaving; rescue. The act of saving a person's life in an emergency.
93. 狂気 きょうき Madness; insanity; lunacy. A state of mental derangement or extreme irrationality.
94. 強制的 きょうせいてき Compulsory; forced; coercive. Imposed by authority or power rather than by choice.
95. 切りがいい きりがいい A good place to stop; a convenient breaking point. Describes a natural stopping point in work or conversation.
96. 疑惑 ぎわく Doubt; suspicion; misgivings. A feeling of distrust, especially regarding wrongdoing.
97. 均一 きんいつ Uniform; equal; even. Having the same quality, size, or value throughout.
98. 緊急 きんきゅう Urgency; emergency. A situation requiring immediate action or attention.
99. 近年 きんねん Recent years; in recent years. A span of the last few years up to the present.
100. 勤勉 きんべん Diligent; industrious; hard-working. Applying oneself earnestly and consistently to work or study.
101. くすくす くすくす Chuckling; giggling softly. An onomatopoeia describing quiet, suppressed laughter.
102. ぐずぐず ぐずぐず Dawdling; dilly-dallying; being slow and indecisive. Also describes a lingering, unresolved state.
103. くたくた くたくた Exhausted; dead tired; worn out. Also describes something limp or overcooked.
104. 屈辱的 くつじょくてき Humiliating; degrading. Describes an experience or situation that causes deep shame or disgrace.
105. 軽率 けいそつ Rash; careless; thoughtless. Acting without sufficient consideration of consequences.
106. 汚らわしい けがらわしい Filthy; disgusting; repulsive. Describes something morally or physically foul and detestable.
107. 劇的 げきてき Dramatic; exciting; sensational. Describes something strikingly impressive or emotionally moving.
108. げっそり げっそり Looking gaunt or haggard; losing weight noticeably. Also feeling deeply disheartened or disappointed.
109. 懸案 けんあん Pending question; unresolved problem. An issue that has been carried over without resolution.
110. 現役 げんえき Active duty; active service. Also refers to someone currently working or competing, not yet retired.
111. 厳格 げんかく Strict; severe; stern. Describes a person or system that enforces rules rigidly and allows no leniency.
112. 謙虚 けんきょ Modest; humble. Having or showing a low estimate of one's own importance.
113. 現行 げんこう Present; current; in operation. Refers to laws, systems, or practices currently in effect.
114. 堅実 けんじつ Steady; sound; solid; reliable. Describes a person or approach that is dependable and avoids unnecessary risk.
115. 顕著 けんちょ Remarkable; striking; obvious. Describes something that stands out prominently and cannot be overlooked.
116. 厳密 げんみつ Strict; precise; scrupulous. Describes an approach that leaves no room for error or ambiguity.
117. 賢明 けんめい Wise; sensible; prudent. Describes a decision or person characterised by good judgment.
118. 兼用 けんよう Multi-use; dual-purpose; combination. Using one thing for two or more functions.
119. 権力 けんりょく Political power; authority; influence. The ability to control or direct others, especially in governance.
120. 交互に こうごに Alternately; by turns; one after the other. Taking turns in a back-and-forth pattern.
121. 公然 こうぜん Open; public; overt. Done or stated openly without concealment.
122. 高タンパク こうたんぱく High-protein. Describing food or a diet that contains a large amount of protein.
123. 口頭 こうとう Oral; verbal; spoken. Communication delivered by speech rather than in writing.
124. 購読 こうどく Subscribing to; buying and reading. Taking a regular subscription to a newspaper, magazine, or publication.
125. 後任 こうにん Successor; replacement. A person who takes over a position or role from someone else.
126. 香ばしい こうばしい Aromatic; fragrant; savoury-smelling. Describes the pleasant smell of roasted or grilled food.
127. 好評 こうひょう Favourable reception; good reputation; popularity. Describes something that is well-received or highly regarded.
128. 後方 こうほう Rear; back; behind. Refers to the area or direction behind something.
129. 傲慢 ごうまん Haughty; arrogant; insolent. Describes an overbearing attitude of superiority toward others.
130. 巧妙 こうみょう Ingenious; skilful; clever; deft. Describes something done with remarkable skill or cunning.
131. 恒例 こうれい Established practice; custom; annual tradition. Something done regularly as a fixed routine.
132. 顧客 こきゃく Customer; client; patron. A formal term for a person who buys goods or services.
133. 心地よい ここちよい Comfortable; pleasant. Describes a feeling of physical or emotional ease and satisfaction.
134. 心残り こころのこり Regret; reluctance to leave something behind. A lingering feeling of sadness about something unfinished or lost.
135. 心細い こころぼそい Helpless; forlorn; lonely; anxious. Describes a feeling of insecurity or vulnerability when lacking support.
136. 快い こころよい Pleasant; agreeable; comfortable; refreshing. Describes a feeling of genuine satisfaction or agreeableness.
137. 孤児 こじ Orphan. A child who has lost both parents or has been abandoned.
138. 腰が低い こしがひくい Humble; modest; unassuming. Describes a person who behaves respectfully without arrogance.
139. 個性的 こせいてき Individual; distinctive; unique; idiosyncratic. Describes someone or something with a strong personal character.
140. コツコツ コツコツ Steadily; diligently; persistently. Describes working hard in a patient, unflagging manner.
141. こっそり こっそり Stealthily; secretly; in secret. Describes doing something quietly so as not to be noticed.
142. こってり こってり Thickly; heavily; richly. Describes food with a strong, rich flavour or thick, heavy seasoning.
143. 悉く ことごとく Altogether; entirely; without exception. Emphasises that every single instance follows the same pattern.
144. 好ましい このましい Nice; likeable; desirable; preferable. Describes something that is viewed favourably or considered ideal.
145. 昆虫 こんちゅう Insect; bug. The general scientific and everyday term for insects.
146. 根本的 こんぽんてき Fundamental; basic; essential. Describes something at the root or core of a matter.
147. 最適 さいてき Most suitable; optimal; best. Describes the ideal or most appropriate choice for a given situation.
148. 先ごろ さきごろ Recently; the other day. Refers to something that happened in the recent past.
149. 先に さきに Previously; before; earlier; first. Indicates temporal or sequential priority.
150. 雑 ざつ Rough; crude; sloppy; messy. Describes work or behaviour that lacks care and precision.
151. 雑多 ざった Miscellaneous; mixed; a jumble of various things without clear organisation.
152. さほど さほど (Not) so much; (not) particularly; (not) very. Used with negative forms to indicate something is less than expected.
153. 残酷 ざんこく Cruel; brutal; ruthless; merciless. Describes extreme heartlessness or inhumane treatment.
154. 仕事柄 しごとがら Due to the nature of one's work; because of one's profession.
155. 始終 しじゅう Continuously; constantly; all the time; from beginning to end.
156. 次第に しだいに Gradually; by degrees; little by little; bit by bit.
157. 実証 じっしょう Demonstration; verification; substantiation; actual proof through evidence or experimentation.
158. 実践的 じっせんてき Practical; pragmatic; hands-on. Focused on real-world application rather than theory.
159. 質素 しっそ Simple; plain; modest; frugal. Describes an unpretentious lifestyle or appearance.
160. 十中八九 じっちゅうはっく In all probability; almost certainly; eight or nine times out of ten.
161. 実直 じっちょく Honest; upright; sincere; steady. Describes a person of straightforward and reliable character.
162. しばし しばし For a short while; for a brief moment; briefly. A literary word for a brief period of time.
163. 資本主義 しほんしゅぎ Capitalism. An economic system based on private ownership and free-market competition.
164. 地道 じみち Steady; diligent; honest; down-to-earth. Describes a reliable, unpretentious approach.
165. 自明 じめい Self-evident; obvious; axiomatic. Something that needs no proof or explanation.
166. 社会主義 しゃかいしゅぎ Socialism. A political and economic system advocating collective ownership and social equality.
167. 醜悪 しゅうあく Ugly; hideous; repulsive; disgraceful. Describes extreme ugliness in appearance or character.
168. 柔軟 じゅうなん Flexible; supple; adaptable; soft and pliable.
169. 従来 じゅうらい Conventional; traditional; up to now; so far. Refers to how things have been done previously.
170. 主体的 しゅたいてき Proactive; autonomous; self-directed; taking the initiative independently.
171. 受動的 じゅどうてき Passive; reactive; lacking initiative. Acting only in response to external stimuli.
172. 守備 しゅび Defence; guarding. Protecting against attack, especially in sports or military contexts.
173. 主役 しゅやく Leading role; protagonist; star of the show. The main character or central figure.
174. 旬 しゅん In season; peak season. The best time of year for particular foods, or the prime period for something.
175. 純国産 じゅんこくさん Entirely domestically produced; 100% made in the country. Emphasises purely local production.
176. 省エネルギー しょうエネルギー Energy conservation; energy-saving. Refers to the practice of reducing energy consumption through efficient use.
177. 常時 じょうじ Usually; ordinarily; always; at all times. Indicates a continuous or habitual state.
178. 象徴的 しょうちょうてき Symbolic; symbolical. Describing something that represents or embodies a larger idea or concept.
179. 情緒的 じょうちょてき Emotional; sentimental. Relating to or appealing to the emotions rather than logic or reason.
180. 譲歩 じょうほ Concession; compromise; yielding ground. The act of giving way on a point in negotiation or discussion.
181. 上流階級 じょうりゅうかいきゅう Upper class; upper echelons of society; the elite. Refers to the highest social or economic stratum.
182. 常連 じょうれん Regular customer; regular patron; frequenter. A person who visits a place habitually.
183. 初期 しょき Early days; early stages; initial period; beginning phase of something.
184. しょっちゅう しょっちゅう Always; all the time; constantly; frequently. Emphasises habitual repetition, often with a nuance of excess.
185. 所定 しょてい Prescribed; designated; appointed; fixed. Referring to something officially decided or established in advance.
186. 四六時中 しろくじちゅう Around the clock; day and night; all the time; twenty-four hours a day.
187. 真摯 しんし Sincere; earnest; serious. Describing a deeply genuine and wholehearted attitude or approach.
188. 新卒 しんそつ New graduate; recent graduate. A person who has just graduated or is about to graduate from school.
189. 親密 しんみつ Intimate; close; friendly. Describing a deep, warm relationship between people.
190. 随時 ずいじ Whenever necessary; as needed; as required; at any time. Indicates flexibility in timing.
191. 崇高 すうこう Lofty; sublime; noble. Describing something elevated and inspiring in a moral or spiritual sense.
192. 凄まじい すさまじい Terrible; dreadful; tremendous; fierce. Describing something of overwhelming intensity, either negatively or impressively.
193. 杜撰 ずさん Careless; sloppy; faulty. Describing work or management done without proper care or attention.
194. 筋がいい すじがいい Having an aptitude for something; having natural talent; showing good form or instinct.
195. スラスラ すらすら Smoothly; fluently; effortlessly. Describing an action performed without hesitation or difficulty.
196. 税込み ぜいこみ Including tax; tax-included. Used for prices that already have consumption tax factored in.
197. 正常 せいじょう Normal; regular; in proper working order. Describing a state that is functioning as expected.
198. 税抜き ぜいぬき Tax excluded; excluding tax; before tax. Used for prices that do not include consumption tax.
199. 正方形 せいほうけい Square; a four-sided figure with equal sides and right angles.
200. 精密 せいみつ Precise; exact; detailed; accurate. Describing something made or done with meticulous care and accuracy.
201. せっかち せっかち Hasty; impatient; restless. Describes a person who cannot wait and rushes through things.
202. 絶好 ぜっこう Best; ideal; perfect. Used to describe the most favourable conditions or opportunities.
203. 切実 せつじつ Earnest; acute; keenly felt. Describes something deeply pressing or urgently important.
204. 絶大 ぜつだい Tremendous; immense; enormous. Describes an extremely large degree of power, influence, or support.
205. 切ない せつない Painful; heartrending; bittersweet. A deep emotional ache, often from longing or sadness.
206. 繊細 せんさい Delicate; sensitive; fine. Describes something exquisitely detailed or a person who is emotionally sensitive.
207. 前述 ぜんじゅつ Aforementioned; above-mentioned. Refers back to something previously stated in writing or speech.
208. 先だって せんだって The other day; some time ago; recently. A somewhat formal way to refer to a recent past event.
209. 先端技術 せんたんぎじゅつ High technology; cutting-edge technology; advanced technology.
210. 前方 ぜんぽう Ahead; forward; the front. Refers to the direction or area in front of something.
211. 鮮明 せんめい Vivid; clear; distinct. Describes something strikingly clear and easy to perceive.
212. 専用 せんよう Exclusive use; dedicated; private. For one specific person, purpose, or function only.
213. 善良 ぜんりょう Good-natured; virtuous; honest. Describes a person of genuinely good moral character.
214. 粗悪 そあく Coarse; crude; inferior. Describes poor quality, especially of products or materials.
215. 総合的 そうごうてき Comprehensive; all-round; overall. Taking everything into account as a whole.
216. 壮大 そうだい Magnificent; grand; majestic. Describes something impressively large in scale or vision.
217. 相対的 そうたいてき Relative; comparative. Viewed in relation to something else rather than in absolute terms.
218. 疎遠 そえん Estranged; distant; out of touch. Describes a relationship where contact has been neglected.
219. 即座に そくざに Immediately; right away; on the spot. Without any delay or hesitation.
220. そこそこ そこそこ Reasonably; fairly; moderately. Not great but not bad — a passable or decent level.
221. 粗雑 そざつ Coarse; rough; crude. Describes careless, sloppy workmanship or behaviour.
222. そそくさ そそくさ Hurriedly; hastily; in a rush. Leaving or doing something quickly, often to avoid an awkward situation.
223. 素っ気ない そっけない Cold; curt; blunt. Showing no warmth, interest, or friendliness in one's manner.
224. 即刻 そっこく Immediately; at once; without delay. A firm, often authoritative demand for instant action.
225. 素朴 そぼく Simple; artless; naive; unsophisticated. Having a natural, unadorned quality.
226. そもそも そもそも In the first place; to begin with; originally. Used to question or revisit the fundamental premise of a matter.
227. それとなく それとなく Indirectly; obliquely; in a roundabout way; casually hinting at something without being explicit.
228. ぞろぞろ ぞろぞろ In a crowd; in droves; in a stream; one after another in succession.
229. 対照的 たいしょうてき Contrastive; forming a stark contrast. Describes two things that differ markedly from each other.
230. 大胆 だいたん Bold; daring; audacious. Describes someone or something fearlessly courageous or strikingly unconventional.
231. 対等 たいとう Equal; on equal footing; on equal terms. Describes a relationship where both sides hold the same status or power.
232. 怠慢 たいまん Negligence; neglect; carelessness. A failure to fulfil duties or responsibilities through laziness or inattention.
233. 高々 たかだか At most; at best; no more than. Also: very high; high up; aloft.
234. 逞しい たくましい Sturdy; robust; burly; strong. Describes physical strength, mental resilience, or vigorous growth.
235. 巧み たくみ Skilful; adroit; masterful; ingenious. Describes impressive skill or cleverness in execution.
236. 多彩 たさい Colourful; multicoloured; varied; diverse. Describes richness in colour or variety.
237. だぶだぶ だぶだぶ Loose; baggy; oversized. Describes clothing that is too large, or liquid sloshing about.
238. だらだら だらだら Lazily; sluggishly; aimlessly. Also: dripping; trickling in drops.
239. 短期 たんき Short-term; short period. Describes something lasting or planned for a brief duration.
240. 単純明快 たんじゅんめいかい Simple and clear; plain and straightforward. Describes something easy to understand with no ambiguity.
241. 男女兼用 だんじょけんよう Unisex; for use by both men and women. Describes products, facilities, or items shared across genders.
242. 断然 だんぜん By far; absolutely; definitely; decisively. Emphatically states that something surpasses all alternatives.
243. 断トツ だんトツ Far and away the best; by a commanding lead; head and shoulders above the rest.
244. 淡白 たんぱく Light; plain; simple in flavour or character. Also: indifferent; detached in personality.
245. 知性的 ちせいてき Intellectual; showing intelligence and refined thinking. Describes an impression of cultivated intellect.
246. 知的 ちてき Intellectual; relating to intellect or knowledge. Describes things pertaining to the mind and learning.
247. 緻密 ちみつ Meticulous; fine; elaborate; intricate. Describes extremely detailed and careful work or planning.
248. 中産階級 ちゅうさんかいきゅう Middle class; bourgeoisie. The social class between the wealthy and the working class.
249. 忠実 ちゅうじつ Faithful; devoted; loyal; true to the original. Describes unwavering commitment or accurate reproduction.
250. 直前 ちょくぜん Just before; immediately prior to. The moment right before something happens.
251. 著名 ちょめい Famous; noted; eminent. Describes someone widely known for their accomplishments or status.
252. つい つい Just (now); inadvertently; unintentionally. Indicates something done without thinking or happening moments ago.
253. つかの間 つかのま A brief moment; a fleeting instant. Describes something lasting only a very short time.
254. つくづく つくづく Deeply; keenly; thoroughly. Expresses doing something with deep feeling or realising something profoundly.
255. 拙い つたない Poor-quality; unskillful; clumsy. Describes something lacking in skill or refinement.
256. 謹んで つつしんで Respectfully; humbly; reverently. A highly formal expression showing deep respect.
257. 努めて つとめて As much as possible; to the best of one's ability; with effort. Expresses making a deliberate effort.
258. 手がつけられない てがつけられない Out of control; unmanageable; beyond help. Describes a situation where nothing can be done.
259. 的確 てきかく Accurate; precise; apt. Describes something that hits the mark exactly.
260. 適宜 てきぎ As appropriate; as one sees fit; suitably. Indicates acting according to the circumstances.
261. 適正 てきせい Reasonable; fair; proper. Describes something that is appropriately set or suitably balanced.
262. てくてく てくてく Trudging along; walking steadily for a long distance. Describes plodding, persistent walking.
263. てっきり てっきり Surely; certainly; without a doubt. Expresses a firm belief that turns out to be wrong.
264. 手回し てまわし Turning by hand; making preparations in advance. Describes hand-operated devices or advance arrangements.
265. 手元 てもと At hand; close by; nearby. Refers to the area within arm's reach or things in one's possession.
266. 同性 どうせい Same sex; same gender. Used to describe people of the same biological sex or gender.
267. 時折 ときおり Sometimes; occasionally; from time to time. Indicates something happening at intervals.
268. ドキッと ドキッと With a start; being startled; getting a shock. Describes a sudden, heart-pounding surprise.
269. 匿名 とくめい Anonymity; anonymous. The state of having one's identity concealed.
270. 所々 ところどころ Here and there; in places; in spots. Describes something occurring at various scattered locations.
271. 突如 とつじょ Suddenly; all of a sudden; out of the blue. Describes an abrupt, unexpected occurrence.
272. 乏しい とぼしい Scarce; lacking; meagre. Describes an insufficient amount of something.
273. 共稼ぎ ともかせぎ Dual income; both spouses working. Describes a household where husband and wife both earn money.
274. 共働き ともばたらき Both spouses working; dual income. The most common term for a two-income household.
275. 取り分け とりわけ Especially; particularly; above all. Emphasises one thing among several.
276. 取るに足らない とるにたらない Insignificant; inconsequential; trifling; not worth considering.
277. 鈍感 どんかん Insensitive; thickheaded; dull; thick-skinned. Lacking sensitivity to others' feelings or situations.
278. 内緒 ないしょ Secret; confidential; private. Something kept hidden from others.
279. 内心 ないしん Inner thoughts; true feelings; inmost heart. What one really thinks but doesn't express.
280. 内部 ないぶ Interior; inside; internal. The inner part of an organisation, structure, or system.
281. 内陸 ないりく Inland; interior of a landmass. Areas away from the coast.
282. 長らく ながらく For a long time; long. Emphasises the extended duration of a state or action.
283. 情けない なさけない Miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic.
284. 情け深い なさけぶかい Tender-hearted; compassionate; charitable; good-hearted.
285. 名高い なだかい Famous; renowned; celebrated; well-known; noted.
286. 何が何でも なにがなんでも By all means; at all costs; no matter what; come what may.
287. 何卒 なにとぞ Please; kindly; I beg of you. A very polite way to make a request.
288. 何分 なにぶん Some; somewhat; after all; as you know. Used to ask for understanding given circumstances.
289. 何もかも なにもかも Anything and everything; just about everything; all without exception.
290. 悩ましい なやましい Seductive; enchanting; sensually alluring. Also: vexing; troublesome; agonising.
291. 馴れ馴れしい なれなれしい Overly familiar; too friendly; presumptuous; cheeky; forward.
292. 難解 なんかい Difficult to understand; unintelligible; abstruse; hard to comprehend.
293. 何だかんだ なんだかんだ Something or other; one thing or another; this and that; when all is said and done.
294. 何でもかんでも なんでもかんでも All sorts of things; anything and everything; indiscriminately.
295. 何なり なんなり Anything; whatever; anything at all. Used when offering to help with whatever is needed.
296. 日夜 にちや Day and night; around the clock; always; constantly; ceaselessly.
297. 任意 にんい Optional; voluntary; arbitrary; discretionary; at one's discretion.
298. 念願 ねんがん One's heart's desire; dearest wish; long-cherished dream.
299. 濃厚 のうこう Rich; thick; dense; strong; heavy. Describing intense flavour, colour, or concentration.
300. 能動的 のうどうてき Active; proactive. Acting on one's own initiative rather than passively.
301. 軒並み のきなみ Row of houses; across the board; without exception. Originally refers to a line of houses, but most commonly used as an adverb meaning un...
302. のどか のどか Tranquil; calm; peaceful; serene. Describes a relaxed, unhurried atmosphere free from tension or noise.
303. はきはき はきはき Briskly; clearly; in a crisp and articulate manner. Describes someone who speaks or acts with confident clarity.
304. 果てしない はてしない Endless; boundless; everlasting. Describes something that seems to have no limit or end.
305. 甚だしい はなはだしい Extreme; excessive; outrageous; tremendous. Describes something that has gone far beyond a normal or acceptable degree.
306. 華やか はなやか Gorgeous; brilliant; splendid; glamorous. Describes something bright, beautiful, and eye-catching.
307. 万能 ばんのう All-purpose; universal; almighty. Capable of handling anything or serving any function.
308. 半端 はんぱ Incomplete; half-baked; half-hearted. Describes something that is neither one thing nor another, falling short of completion.
309. ひいては ひいては By extension; furthermore; and consequently. A formal connective indicating that the preceding point leads to a broader or more significa...
310. 悲観的 ひかんてき Pessimistic; gloomy. Tending to see the worst in things or expect unfavourable outcomes.
311. 日頃 ひごろ Usually; habitually; on a daily basis. Refers to what one ordinarily or regularly does.
312. 久しい ひさしい Long (in the sense of time having passed); it has been a long time. Describes a lengthy elapsed duration.
313. 悲惨 ひさん Tragic; miserable; disastrous; wretched. Describes a situation of terrible suffering or devastation.
314. ひしひし ひしひし Acutely; keenly; deeply. Describes feeling something intensely and unmistakably, as though it presses against you.
315. ひそか ひそか Secret; private; covert; surreptitious. Done quietly without others knowing.
316. 必修 ひっしゅう Required; compulsory; mandatory. Used for subjects or courses that must be taken.
317. 必然 ひつぜん Inevitable; necessary; certain. Something that is bound to happen as a natural or logical consequence.
318. 人柄 ひとがら Personality; character; personal qualities. The inherent nature or disposition of a person.
319. ひところ ひところ Once; at one time; some time ago. Refers to a period in the past that has since changed.
320. 日に日に ひにひに Day by day; with each passing day. Describes a gradual, ongoing change that accumulates over time.
321. ひやひや ひやひや Feeling nervous; on edge; anxious. The sensation of cold-sweat anxiety from watching something risky or dangerous.
322. 平たい ひらたい Flat; level; even. Having a smooth, horizontal surface without bumps or elevation.
323. 平べったい ひらべったい Flat; flattened; squashed flat. A more emphatic and colloquial version of 平たい.
324. 微量 びりょう Minute amount; trace quantity; minuscule dose. An extremely small measurable quantity.
325. 卑劣 ひれつ Mean; despicable; contemptible; cowardly; base. Morally reprehensible behaviour that lacks honour or fairness.
326. 頻繁 ひんぱん Frequent; happening often. Describes events or actions that recur at short intervals.
327. 不意に ふいに Suddenly; without warning; unexpectedly. Describes an event that catches someone completely off guard.
328. 深々 ふかぶか Very deeply; profoundly. Emphasises the depth or thoroughness of an action, most often bowing.
329. 不吉 ふきつ Ominous; unlucky; inauspicious. Something that forebodes bad luck or misfortune.
330. 複合 ふくごう Composite; combined; complex. Describes something formed by combining multiple elements into one.
331. 不振 ふしん Slump; stagnation; poor performance. A state of below-normal activity or results.
332. 不調 ふちょう Bad condition; poor form; being off one's game. A state where something is not functioning properly.
333. 不都合 ふつごう Inconvenient; troublesome; unfavourable. A situation or condition that causes difficulty or disadvantage.
334. 不手際 ふてぎわ Clumsiness; ineptitude; poor handling. A failure in skill or management that leads to a bad outcome.
335. 不当 ふとう Unfair; unjust; unreasonable. An action or treatment that violates principles of fairness or propriety.
336. 無難 ぶなん Safe; inoffensive; playing it safe. A choice or approach that avoids risk and is unlikely to cause problems.
337. 不備 ふび Deficiency; inadequacy; lack of preparation. A shortcoming in something that should be complete.
338. 不評 ふひょう Bad reputation; poor reception; unpopularity. Negative public opinion about something.
339. 不明瞭 ふめいりょう Unclear; indistinct; vague. Something that is difficult to perceive, understand, or interpret clearly.
340. 不明朗 ふめいろう Murky; shady; lacking transparency. A situation or dealings that are suspiciously opaque.
341. ふんだんに ふんだんに Abundantly; plentifully; lavishly. Using or having a large amount of something without restraint.
342. 平常 へいじょう Normal; usual; ordinary. The regular, everyday state of affairs.
343. 便宜上 べんぎじょう For convenience; as a matter of convenience. Done pragmatically rather than ideally.
344. 呆然 ぼうぜん Dumbfounded; stunned; in blank amazement. A state of being so shocked that one cannot think or react.
345. 放任 ほうにん Noninterference; laissez-faire. A hands-off approach, leaving things to take their own course.
346. 牧師 ぼくし Pastor; minister; clergyman. A Christian religious leader who heads a Protestant congregation.
347. 補欠 ほけつ Filling a vacancy; substitute; reserve player. A replacement for someone absent or a backup member.
348. 補足 ほそく Supplement; complement; additional explanation. Extra information added to make something more complete.
349. ぼちぼち ぼちぼち Leisurely; gradually; little by little. Also used as 'so-so' or 'getting by' in response to how things are going.
350. 本格 ほんかく Genuine; authentic; full-scale. The real thing, done properly and thoroughly.
351. 本格的 ほんかくてき Genuine; authentic; full-scale. Describes something done properly, seriously, and to a high standard.
352. 本質的 ほんしつてき Essential; fundamental; intrinsic. Relating to the true nature or core of something.
353. 本場 ほんば Home of something; place famous for something; the real deal in terms of origin or quality.
354. 毎度 まいど Each time; every time; always. Also used as a greeting meaning 'thank you for your continued patronage.'
355. 紛らわしい まぎらわしい Confusing; misleading; easily mistaken. Describes things that are similar enough to cause mix-ups.
356. まして まして Still more; to say nothing of; not to mention; let alone. Used to emphasise that something is even more true.
357. まずまず まずまず Tolerable; passable; so-so; not bad. Indicates an adequate but unremarkable result.
358. 瞬く間に またたくまに In the twinkling of an eye; in a flash; in an instant. Describes something happening with extreme speed.
359. まちまち まちまち Various; diverse; different; inconsistent. Describes things that differ from one another without uniformity.
360. まとも まとも Proper; decent; respectable; honest; straightforward. Also means 'direct' or 'head-on.'
361. 丸ごと まるごと In its entirety; whole; wholly; altogether. Describes taking or using something as a complete unit.
362. 回りくどい まわりくどい Circuitous; roundabout; indirect; long-winded. Describes speech or methods that take unnecessarily long.
363. 万に一つ まんにひとつ One in ten thousand; one in a million; in the unlikely event. Describes an extremely slim chance.
364. 満腹 まんぷく Full stomach; satiated; stuffed. The state of having eaten one's fill.
365. 身軽 みがる Agile; nimble; light on one's feet; travelling light. Having little burden, either physically or figuratively.
366. みじめ みじめ Miserable; wretched; pitiable; pathetic. Describes a state of deep unhappiness or wretchedness.
367. 身近 みぢか Near oneself; close to one; familiar; readily accessible. Describes things that are part of one's everyday life.
368. 密接 みっせつ Close; intimate; closely connected. Describes a tight relationship or connection between things.
369. 未明 みめい Early dawn; predawn; the small hours of the morning. The time before daylight arrives.
370. 無口 むくち Taciturn; reticent; quiet; untalkative. Describes a person who rarely speaks.
371. 無言 むごん Silence; speechlessness; without words. The state of deliberately not speaking.
372. 無実 むじつ Innocence; guiltlessness; not guilty. Being falsely accused or having committed no crime.
373. 無邪気 むじゃき Innocent; pure; naive; guileless. Describes a childlike lack of guile or malice.
374. 無償 むしょう Free of charge; without compensation; gratuitous. Something provided without payment or reward.
375. ムッと むっと To be offended; to get annoyed; to feel a flash of irritation. Also describes stuffy, stifling air.
376. 虚しい むなしい Empty; void; hollow. Describes a deep sense of futility or emotional emptiness.
377. 無念 むねん Regret; chagrin; mortification. A bitter feeling of frustration over an outcome one could not change.
378. 無闇に むやみに Thoughtlessly; recklessly; indiscriminately. Acting without proper consideration or restraint.
379. 明快 めいかい Clear; lucid; clear-cut. Describes explanations or logic that are easy to follow and unambiguous.
380. 明示 めいじ Explicit statement; specification; making something clear and definite in writing or speech.
381. 明白 めいはく Obvious; clear; evident. Something so plain that no explanation or proof is needed.
382. 明瞭 めいりょう Clear; distinct; plain. Describes something that can be perceived or understood without difficulty.
383. 明朗 めいろう Cheerful; bright; sunny in disposition. Describes a person or atmosphere that is open and uplifting.
384. 目覚ましい めざましい Remarkable; striking; spectacular. Describes progress or achievements that are impressively noteworthy.
385. 面倒くさい めんどうくさい Bothersome; tiresome; what a pain. Expresses reluctance toward something tedious or troublesome.
386. 申し分ない もうしぶんない Perfect; flawless; completely satisfactory. Leaving absolutely nothing to complain about.
387. 猛暑 もうしょ Fierce heat; heat wave. Extremely hot weather, typically above 35°C.
388. 猛烈 もうれつ Fierce; intense; violent. Describes extreme force, severity, or passion.
389. 専ら もっぱら Wholly; solely; exclusively. Devoting attention or effort entirely to one thing.
390. 物悲しい ものがなしい Sad; sorrowful; melancholy. A gentle, wistful sadness without a specific cause.
391. 模範的 もはんてき Exemplary; model; serving as an ideal example for others to follow.
392. 脆い もろい Brittle; fragile; weak. Easily broken, crumbled, or overcome.
393. 野生 やせい Wild; living in nature. Describes animals or plants that grow and live without human care.
394. 優雅 ゆうが Elegant; graceful; refined. Possessing a calm, sophisticated beauty in manner or lifestyle.
395. 勇敢 ゆうかん Brave; courageous; gallant. Showing fearless determination in the face of danger or difficulty.
396. 融合 ゆうごう Fusion; blending; combining. The merging of different elements into a unified whole.
397. 優柔不断 ゆうじゅうふだん Indecisive; irresolute; wishy-washy. Unable to make up one's mind.
398. 雄大 ゆうだい Grand; magnificent; majestic. Impressively large and awe-inspiring in scale.
399. 有力 ゆうりょく Influential; prominent; strong. Having significant power, support, or likelihood.
400. 用心深い ようじんぶかい Careful; cautious; wary. Taking great care to avoid danger or mistakes.
401. 予想外 よそうがい Unexpected; unforeseen. Describes outcomes or events that deviate from what was anticipated.
402. 楽観的 らっかんてき Optimistic; hopeful. Viewing situations and outcomes in a positive light.
403. 立体 りったい Solid body; three-dimensional object. A physical form that has height, width, and depth.
404. 立体的 りったいてき Three-dimensional; having depth and volume. Describes something that appears or is structured with spatial depth.
405. 類似 るいじ Resemblance; similarity; likeness. The state of two things sharing common features.
406. 冷酷 れいこく Cruel; coldhearted; ruthless. Showing no sympathy or compassion for others.
407. 例年 れいねん Average year; ordinary year; every year as usual. Refers to what is typical or customary year after year.
408. 連日 れんじつ Day after day; every day in succession. Emphasises that something continues for multiple consecutive days.
409. 露骨 ろこつ Blatant; undisguised; frank. Showing feelings or intentions openly without any attempt to conceal them.
410. 若手 わかて Young person; up-and-coming member. Refers to younger members of a group, organisation, or profession.
411. 煩わしい わずらわしい Troublesome; annoying; bothersome. Describes things that cause mental burden or irritation due to complexity.
412. 次々と つぎつぎと One after another; in rapid succession. Describes events or things occurring in a continuous, unbroken sequence.