母集団

• 読み: ぼしゅうだん
• ローマ字: boshuu dan
• 漢字の分解: 母 (bo) — mother, parent, source; 集 (shuu) — gather, collect; 団 (dan) — group, body
• 発音: /bo.ɕɯː.dan/

意味

Population; parent group. In statistics, the complete set of individuals, objects, or measurements about which conclusions are to be drawn.

In statistical methodology, 母集団 refers to the entire group of interest from which a sample (標本) is drawn. Because studying an entire population is often impractical, statistical inference allows conclusions about the 母集団 based on sample data. The distinction between population parameters and sample statistics is fundamental to hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and survey design.

例文

1. アンケート調査では母集団全体を調べることは難しいため、無作為抽出で標本を得る。
2. この研究の母集団は十八歳から二十五歳の大学生に限定されている。
3. 母集団の分布が正規分布に従うかどうかを確認するため、検定を行った。

使い方ガイド

場面: statistics, research, social science, epidemiology

トーン: analytical

起源と歴史

Compound of 母 (mother, parent, source) + 集団 (group, aggregate). The metaphor of a 'mother group' from which samples are drawn elegantly captures the statistical relationship between population and sample.

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: Adults (academic)

社会的背景: Academic/Professional