曰

• ピンイン: yuē
• 漢字の分解: 曰 = pictograph of an open mouth (口) with an internal stroke representing the tongue or outgoing breath — to speak, to say (Classical Chinese only)

意味

（文言文で）言う／述べる

曰 appears nearly exclusively in Classical Chinese (文言文) and in set phrases drawn from classical literature, and is a key stylistic marker of classical prose. Its most famous usage is 子曰 (the Master said) in the Analects of Confucius, which opens virtually every chapter. Other classical constructions include 孟子曰 (Mencius said), 《易》曰 (as the Book of Changes states), and 古人曰 (the ancients said). Modern Chinese writing employs 曰 only in direct quotations of classical texts or in deliberate literary pastiche.

例文

1. 《论语》中反复出现的子曰，不只是引语，也让孔子的权威更鲜明。
2. 曰在先秦文献中不只是引语词，在史料、论辩和格言里都有不同作用。
3. 教学文言文能帮助学生理解曰等古汉语词的语感，便于读原典和引用经典。

使い方ガイド

場面: classical literature, academic writing, literary allusion, education

トーン: archaic

正しい言い方

• 写儒家经典论文时，保留曰字并直接引文，是常见的学术规范。(When writing papers on Confucian classics, keeping the character yue and quoting directly is a common academic convention.)
• 《孟子》中的曰，不只是“他说”，更带有经典权威的语气。(In Mencius, this literary 'said' is not just the same as 'he said'; it carries the tone of classical authority.)

避ける言い方

• 我曰这道菜很好吃 — 曰 is an archaic Classical Chinese verb of speech that has no place in modern colloquial or even written Chinese outside of classical quotation; in any modern context use 说, 表示, 认为, or 讲; using 曰 in a modern sentence about food either sounds comedically anachronistic or reveals unfamiliarity with its exclusively classical register

起源と歴史

曰 = a pictograph depicting an open mouth with an internal horizontal stroke representing the tongue or breath in motion — the simplest direct depiction of vocal utterance in ancient Chinese script.

文化的背景

時代: Classical

世代: Academic/Literary

社会的背景: Scholarly