引经据典

• ピンイン: yǐn jīng jù diǎn
• 漢字の分解: 引 = 弓 + 丨 (bow + arrow — to draw from); 经 = 纟+ 巠 (silk + water — canonical threads, classic texts); 据 = 扌+ 据 (hand + seize — to base upon, to cite as authority); 典 = 册 + 丌 (books + stand — venerable canonical texts)

意味

古典・典拠を引用して論じる

A fixed 成语 meaning 'to draw on canonical texts (经) and cite established precedents (典)'. Used both admiringly (thorough, well-grounded scholarship) and critically (pedantic, over-reliant on historical sources at the expense of practical judgment). Common in academic writing, legal argumentation, political speech, and literary criticism. Reflects the Confucian tradition of grounding arguments in classical authority.

例文

1. 这位教授在回应学生提问时总是引经据典，每一个观点背后都有详尽的文献支撑，令人信服之余也令初学者深感知识体系的博大深厚。
2. 律师在最终陈词中引经据典，援引了多项历史判例和宪法条文，试图从法律原则的根本层面论证其委托人的诉求具有充分的正当性。
3. 这篇政论文章旁征博引、引经据典，将古代治国理念与当代政策困境相互印证，展现出作者深厚的历史学养和独到的现实洞察力。

使い方ガイド

場面: academic writing, law, political speech, literary criticism, debate

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 该学者在专著中引经据典，对儒家政治哲学与东亚国家建构作了比较分析。(In his monograph, the scholar cited the classics and compared Confucian political philosophy with state-building in East Asia.)
• 这位年轻辩手在决赛中引经据典、论据充分，连先秦哲学和宋明理学都被他用来支撑观点。(In the final, this young debater cited the classics and made a strong case, even using pre-Qin philosophy and Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism to support his views.)

避ける言い方

• 他引经据典地解释了怎么做菜 — 引经据典 implies citation of authoritative scholarly or historical texts; applying it to cooking instructions or everyday practical matters is incongruous and sounds ironic; use it for genuine scholarly, legal, or philosophical argument

起源と歴史

引 (to cite/lead — drawing from a source) + 经 (classic text — 纟silk thread + 巠 running water; threads woven through time, canonical texts) + 据 (to rely upon — 扌hand + 据 seize; to grip, to base upon) + 典 (canonical precedent — 册 bamboo book + 丌 stand; venerable texts on a stand)

文化的背景

時代: Classical–Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal