精神病

• ピンイン: jīng shén bìng
• 漢字の分解: 精 = refined/essence; 神 = 礻(spirit) + 申 (extend), spirit; 病 = 疒 (illness) + 丙, illness

意味

精神疾患（精神病）

The clinical term for mental illness or psychiatric conditions. In casual speech, sometimes used pejoratively to call someone 'crazy' — this usage is offensive and stigmatizing. In proper contexts, it's a neutral medical term. Related term 神经病 is more colloquially used as an insult.

例文

1. 精神病患者需要社会的理解和关爱，而不是歧视。
2. 他被诊断出患有精神病，正在接受治疗。
3. 对精神病的偏见导致很多患者不敢寻求帮助。

使い方ガイド

場面: medical, social issues

トーン: clinical

正しい言い方

• 精神病是可以治疗的，不要讳疾忌医。(Mental illness can be treated — don't avoid seeking help.)
• 我们应该消除对精神病的污名化。(We should eliminate the stigma around mental illness.)

避ける言い方

• 你是不是精神病啊？(Very offensive when used as an insult — equivalent to 'are you crazy?' in the worst way)

起源と歴史

Compound of 精神 (spirit, mind, mental) + 病 (illness). A modern medical term coined during the introduction of Western psychiatry to China.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal