航天员

• ピンイン: háng tiān yuán
• 漢字の分解: 航天 = navigate the heavens; 员 = 口 (mouth/circle) + 贝 (shell/value) — a person with a defined role or membership

意味

（中国の）宇宙飛行士

The official Chinese term for Chinese space travellers. In international reporting, 航天员 is often translated as 'taikonaut' to distinguish Chinese astronauts from others. 宇航员 is more commonly used for foreign astronauts in everyday speech. Becoming an 航天员 requires years of rigorous training across engineering, medicine, and geology.

例文

1. 三名航天员在完成飞船与空间站的对接操作后，顺利进驻中国空间站，开始为期六个月的在轨驻留任务。
2. 成为一名合格的航天员不仅需要具备强健的体魄，更需要掌握工程、医学、地质等多个学科领域的专业知识。
3. 这位航天员在接受媒体采访时深情回忆了自己第一次太空出舱的经历，称那是他人生中最难忘的时刻之一。

使い方ガイド

場面: space, science, government, media, education

トーン: formal

正しい言い方

• 执行此次任务的三名航天员经过严格筛选和长达两年的专项训练，均具备处理各类太空突发情况的能力。(The three astronauts executing this mission have undergone rigorous selection and two years of specialised training, and are all capable of handling various emergency situations in space.)
• 航天员返回地球后需要经历数周乃至数月的身体康复和重力适应训练，以逐步恢复在地面正常生活的能力。(After returning to Earth, astronauts need to undergo weeks to months of physical rehabilitation and gravity re-adaptation training to gradually restore their ability to live normally on the ground.)

避ける言い方

• 航天员 for foreign astronauts in casual conversation — it is technically correct but slightly formal; 宇航员 is more natural in everyday speech for non-Chinese astronauts

起源と歴史

航天 (space travel) + 员 (person, member, specialist) — a person who travels in outer space

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal