坟墓

• ピンイン: fén mù
• 漢字の分解: 坟 = 土 + 文 (earth + markings — burial mound); 墓 = 莫 + 土 (vast/obscure + earth — a burial site beneath the earth)

意味

墳墓；墓

More formal and complete than 坟 alone. 坟墓 encompasses both the surface mound and the burial chamber. Used in formal, literary, and historical contexts. Can be used metaphorically to describe a deeply repressive environment from which there is no escape.

例文

1. 考古学家在山丘下发现了一座保存完好的古代坟墓，出土文物证明其年代可追溯至两千年前。
2. 他在演讲中以坟墓来比喻那个扼杀个性与创造力的教育体制，引发了听众的强烈共鸣。
3. 修缮后的坟墓被列为省级文物保护单位，每年吸引众多历史研究者和游客前来参观。

使い方ガイド

場面: history, archaeology, culture, literature

トーン: solemn

正しい言い方

• 这座历史名人的坟墓在文化大革命期间遭到严重破坏，当地政府历时数年才完成修缮工程并对公众重新开放。(This historical figure's tomb was severely damaged during the Cultural Revolution; the local government spent years completing the restoration project before reopening it to the public.)
• 研究人员通过分析坟墓中的随葬品和墓室结构，逐步还原出了这位古代贵族生前的身份地位及其所处时代的社会风貌。(By analysing the burial objects and chamber structure of the tomb, researchers gradually reconstructed the social standing of this ancient aristocrat and the social landscape of the era in which they lived.)

避ける言い方

• 坟墓里有宝藏 — overly sensational phrasing; in academic contexts say 墓葬中随葬有珍贵文物 to describe burial goods with appropriate scholarly register

起源と歴史

坟 (burial mound) + 墓 (underground tomb/burial site) — the complete structure of a grave, surface and underground combined

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal