短缺

• ピンイン: duǎn quē
• 漢字の分解: 短 = 矢 (arrow, measure) + 豆 (phonetic — implying something measurably small); 缺 = 缶 (jar) + 夬 (broken) — incomplete vessel

意味

不足／欠乏（深刻な供給不足）

Common in economics, resource management, and policy contexts. 劳动力短缺 (labour shortage), 粮食短缺 (food shortage), 资金短缺 (funding shortage). Often signals a structural problem rather than a temporary gap. More formal than 不足, and typically used for critical resources at a systemic level.

例文

1. 受干旱影响，该地区出现严重的淡水资源短缺问题。
2. 城市医疗体系中全科医生的短缺已成为亟待解决的结构性难题。
3. 由于原材料短缺，多家制造企业不得不削减产量以应对危机。

使い方ガイド

場面: economics, resources, policy

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 专业技术人才的短缺已制约了该地区高新技术产业的发展速度。(The shortage of specialised technical talent has constrained the development pace of high-tech industries in the region.)
• 政府正采取多项措施缓解农村地区教师短缺的问题。(The government is taking multiple measures to alleviate the teacher shortage in rural areas.)

避ける言い方

• 这个句子短缺了一个词 — for missing elements in text or grammar use 缺少 or 少了; 短缺 is reserved for systemic supply deficits, not missing components in writing

起源と歴史

短 (short/lacking) + 缺 (deficient/missing)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal